The influence of various kinds of baths upon the central cardiovascular system of human beings and rabbits was studied with special emphasis on the roentgenological interpretation. The results were as follows.
The hot bath brought about an increase in pulse rate and blood pressure, and also in the cardiac output measured by x-ray kymography. The tepid or indifferent temperature bath, however, brought about no remarkable changes in them, except slight increase of the pulse rate and blood pressure immediately after going into and getting out of the bath. The temperature of the bath within the range from 36°C. to 45°C. that produced the least effect on the cardiovascular system of Japanese was found by the author to be 38°C.
The author had referred to bathing as a factor which alters the height of the diaphragm and so affects the roentgenogram of the chest. Through the influence of increased abdominal pressure the diaphragm showed upward displacement and the heart and great vessels an increase in diameter and a change of the pulsation wave form. The height of the diaphragm was of the greatest importance, especially in the interpretation of X-ray pictures; it changed constantly, with the level of the bath. The pulmonary area in the X-ray film was decreased in the full bath by the hydrostatic effect upon the chest. Accordingly the cardio-thoracic ratio was increased remarkably.

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