In order to re-examine the value and significance of documentary films, this study adopted an approach that utilizes the concept of aleatoric elements. Until now, producers and critics have regarded the documentary as a self-explanatory genre that differs from news and drama. However, issues surrounding the discourses on the subjectivity and objectivity of documentaries have always surfaced in response to the question "what is a documentary-" In other words, it is this dualistic framing that has prevented visibilities in the main issue regarding the potential of the documentary format itself. In order to break free from this framing, it was necessary to first examine the types of discourses on subjectivity and objectivity that have been discussed, in addition to examining where exactly they have positioned documentaries. This study then examined factors that have been overlooked in these discourses and considered the introduction of the concept of aleatoric elements as a supplemental approach. This study referred to story studies of literature, semiology studies of cinema and image studies of cinema for building this concept. Furthermore, to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, this study attempted to analyze A, a 1998 film by Tatsuya Mori, using the concept of aleatoric elements. Based on the findings of this study, the following was concluded. What has become clear through the analysis of the film is that documentary films are capable of not only containing both fictitious and non-fictitious elements but also creating friction between depicted reality and implied reality to highlight new, elusive realities that cannot be firmly defined on account of their ambiguity.

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