本稿では，地域コミュニティの現状を踏まえた上で，「地域住民の相互扶助は，暮らしやすさを向上させる」という仮説を立て研究を進めた。ヘドニック・アプローチを援用することで「地域の住み心地」に関するアンケート結果について，その統計的有意性の有無を検証した。また，実際に行われている住民参加型福祉サービス活動の事例を挙げて紹介しながら，こうした時間貯蓄や地域通貨の制度が地域コミュニティ再生に果たす役割を検証した。そのうえで，地域の絆を強める住民参加型福祉のあり方を提案する。

抄録全体を表示

Halting the decline in U.S. housing prices is often mentioned as the condition for resolving the financial crisis stemming from the American sub-prime shock. Since 2000, U.S. house prices have risen steeply and subsequently plummeted back down. In Japan, a similar kind of rise and fall in house prices was experienced from the mid-1980s through the 1990s. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to compare the Japanese and U.S. housing markets and explore the similarities and differences between the two, especially focusing on "housing demand" and "the volume of housing sales". A notable problem in Japan is the fact that no index exists that enables us to capture fluctuations in house prices. The various real estate price indicators that we typically see, as typified by Public Land Prices, are based on appraisals, are not quality adjustment. We use the quality-adjustment house price index estimated by Shimizu and Watanabe (2009). Next, we will turn to a representative studies by Mankiw and Well (1989) and Wheaton and Lee (2009) analyzing U.S. house prices. Mankiw and Weil (1989) focused on demand-side, changes in U.S. population characteristics and forecasted future house prices. Wheaton and Lee (2009) focused on supply-side, changes in U.S. housing transactions and house prices. In this study, we will compare the relationship between changes in house price and changes in demand based on population characteristics and supply based on the volume of housing sales in Japan and the U.S.

抄録全体を表示

The Financial Instruments and Exchange Law (FIEL) enforces the real estate fund managers to disclose more detailed information about investment real estate. It is expected that this information disclosure improves the efficiency of the real estate market and develops the fair real estate market. Furthermore FIEL brings the common restriction on any of the financial products and services; equity, bonds and real estate, etc. The investors start comparing the different investment products, including real estate, and the real estate price should be decided by the fundamental model which the neo-classical economics has advocated. This introduction of FIEL makes the real estate price be closer to fundamental value and the fluctuation of real estate price change would become smaller. Consequently, it can make the real estate market more sophisticated while FIEL tries to achieve the promotion of the fair market and the protection of the investors.

抄録全体を表示

Data collecting is one of most important research techniques. For example, in constructing a housing price index, one has to make at least two important choices. The first is the choice among alternative estimation methods. The second is the choice among different data sources of house prices. The choice of the dataset has been regarded as critically important from a practical viewpoint, but has not been discussed much in the literature. International Handbook on Property Price Index from United Nation, IMF, OECD and BIS in 2013 seeks to fill this gap by comparing the distributions of prices collected at different stages of the house buying/selling process, including ⑴asking prices at which properties are initially listed in a magazine, ⑵ asking prices when an offer for a property is eventually made and the listing is removed from the magazine, ⑶ contract prices reported by realtors after mortgage approval, and ⑷ registry prices. These four prices are collected by different parties and recorded in different datasets. This paper summarizes the current state of “Data Resources for Real Estate Research in Japan”, focusing on real estate prices.

抄録全体を表示

南海トラフ沿いの東海，東南海，南海地震をはじめとして，現在わが国では巨大地震の発生が危惧されている．特に首都直下地震など，大都市とその近傍で発生する地震が日本経済へ及ぼす影響は大きい．本研究では，兵庫県南部地震を対象として，地震前後での土地価格の変動率関数を作成し，地震が土地の価格に及ぼす影響を分析した．その結果，地震から１年後の1996年は建物被害が甚大な地域ほど土地の価格が下落したが，2年目の1997年には全壊·全焼率が高い地域では土地価格の下落が止まる一方で，半壊率が高い地域では下落し続けた．その後，土地価格は全壊·全焼率の高い地域から回復し始め，半壊率の高い地域では回復が遅れた．

抄録全体を表示

It is often pointed out that imperfect information plagues the real estate market in Japan. The advertisement for sale of houses and condominiums does not necessarily convey essential information, such as detailed information about the residential environment around the house/condominium, its history of maintenance and restorations, its structural conditions that are hardly seen from outside, and so on. Only a careful on-site check reveals these characteristics. Moreover, most real-estate brokers are small-scale ones and they are not necessarily well-trained to meet buyers’ increasing demand for detailed and sophisticated information. They are locally-oriented and often attempt to monopolize local information rather than share it with other brokers in wider areas. Large developers have attempted to organize and consolidate these small-scale brokers to improve their trading practices, but progress so far is disappointing. In this paper, we concentrate our attention on the imperfect information in Japanese real estate existing housing market.

抄録全体を表示

The purpose of this paper is to make clear the effect about Housing Performance Indication System. The hedonic price analysis aims to measure how influence on newly built condominium price. The interview research of real-estate agents aim to make clear about the effect that Housing Performance Indication System in the used housing market. It was confirmed incomplete system about evaluation. There needs to complete and to estimate for Housing Performance Indication System in the used housing market and reconstruct simplify system.

抄録全体を表示

This article discusses the privately owned condominium data in Japan. The data cover comprehensive condominium characteristics and help us understand the issues and mechanism of how condominium is evaluated. This article estimates the potential amount of condominium stock using the data obtained from private companies and compares the privately owned data to the public statistics. It is found that the condominium stock obtained from the private companies approximates the stock estimated from public statistics. I further consider the issues and future perspective with the emphasis on the validity of building unit based database.

抄録全体を表示

日本では, 戦後より新築持ち家重視の風潮が強かった。しかし, 2000年代頃より, 中古住宅の利活用によるストック型社会への転換が求められ,2006年に, 住生活基本法が制定され, 同法に基づき『住生活基本計画』が策定された。同計画では,「多様な居住ニーズが適切に実現される住宅市場の環境整備」が目標として挙げられており, 価値観やライフスタイル,ライフステージに応じた住宅を選択できる住宅市場の実現が目指された。既存住宅利用を進める背景には, 空き家や建設環境負荷に関する課題が社会問題となるなど,社会的な要請の他にも, 既存住宅市場の活性化により, 低価格での住宅取得が可能になることが指摘されており, 既存住宅利用による多様な世帯への住宅供給の実現も期待される。

　一方で, 流通する物件は場所に依存することから,地域性を踏まえた活用方法の検討が必要である。中古住宅の地域性は,各ステークホルダーの関係と物件の特徴によって構成される。物件の特徴は,価格や面積などを用いた分類の他にも, 形態による分類としてファサードや平面構成によっても特徴づけられる。平面構成はその当時のニーズの現れあり,平面構成の変化を通じて, 居住ニーズを読み解こうとする研究も行われている。本研究では, 各年代的特徴を踏まえた中古住宅の特徴を踏まえ, 間取りなどの物件の特徴も含めた,空間パターンの分析を行い,中古住宅の地域性について建造環境とステークホルダーの関係をもとに分析を行った。また,⼤阪府内の⼾建て住宅を対象とし, 住宅情報サイト掲載の中古⼾建て住宅の 物件データを⽤いて,中古不動産の地域性についても調査を⾏った。

　筆者のこれまでの研究から, 中古不動産の分布には, 地域によりいくつかの異なるパターンが見られた。また, 新築住宅のそれと比較する中で, 間取りなどに異なるパターンが見られたことから、住宅市場における, 多様な居住ニーズへ対応していると考えられる。 一方 , 建物の分布には偏りがあり,またステークホルダーの関係も異なることから, その対応には, 地域ごとに異なった課題が存在することが予想される。

抄録全体を表示