The purpose of this study is to clarify the character of planning of rows of houses for coal miners. We selected 3 mines in Yamada city, which are similar in production but different in scale of the capital. As a whole, the composition of rooms have same tendency, as they were regulated by housing policies. But each variation of plan at the same period is very different. Because it was served as a part of business in every mining settlement under housing policies. This distinction caused experience of business, change of output, personnel management, and so on. We could grasp the changes of housing and supply in the colliery industry, by understanding each housing management.

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　わが国では1880年代の近代炭鉱業の成立期以降，1960年代の炭鉱合理化に至るまでに大量の炭鉱労働者住宅が建設・供給されてきた。しかし1960年代のエネルギー政策の転換により，炭鉱業はスクラップ化され多くの炭鉱労働者は失業し，産炭地域より流出した。以後1970年代に入って，この地域の振興がさけばれるようになった。本研究は以上の80年間に企業により供給・建設された炭鉱労働者用住宅‐以下と略‐を対象としてその歴史的な変化発展の過程につき住宅政策及び住宅計画という視点から考察したものである。さて，炭鉱業においては資源と生産方式の制約から労働者の居住の場が限定される。また労務管理の必要から集団居住が強制された。わが国では，これらの集団住宅を古くは納屋，小屋，飯場とよんだが，以上の労使関係の展開からこの呼称は坑夫長屋，鉱夫宿舎，炭鉱労務者住宅と変化した。とくに戦中，戦後に建設された炭鉱労務者住宅が，戦後の民主化運動の過程で行政的に｢｣と呼称されるようになった。本報告は大きく2つに区分される。まず第I編では1900年から1960年までの炭鉱労働者用住宅の発生と変遷を文献資料と現存する住宅の現地調査にもとづき整理し，これと同時代の住宅政策や集団住宅計画の展開と比較研究する。これによって，わが国の労働者住宅の重要な部分であるの政策・計画論上の特質について考察する。つぎに第II編では1960年以降の旧の滅失と再編・改良のプロセスについて調査研究を行っている。とくにこの期間に実施された｢住宅地区改良事業｣について実施された事例の分析を試みている。さらにいくつかの典型町のフィールドにして80年間の地域と住宅の変遷について通史的な考察を行っている。

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Sorachi Area in Hokkaido, public housings rebuilt of coal mine workers houses are located outside of urban area and many houses are unoccupied. But Chikuho Area in Fukuoka prefecture, many coal mine workers houses and public housings are located inside of urban area. Authors proposed that in Sorachi Area many public housings have to be rebuilt and replaced into the urban area. In Chikuho Area, those wooden housing estates developed for coal mine workers have to be improved to public housings and developed open spaces for neighborhoods.

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This study aims to analyze the construction process of coal mining company housing in Harutori Area of Kushiro coalfield and Iwaki area of Jōban coalfield, considering the geological structure and social conditions. The following are the findings of the study. Coal mine houses were constructed in accordance with the geological structure in both coalfields. However, in Kushiro coalfield, the constructions of coal mine houses were later than the developments. In Jōban coalfield, coal mine houses were constructed throughout the entire coalfield, despite the geological structure, as small and medium-sized coal mines expanded.

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　わが国では1880年代の近代炭鉱業の成立期以降，1960年代の炭鉱合理化に至るまでに大量の炭鉱労働者住宅が建設・供給されてきた。しかし1960年代のエネルギー政策の転換により，炭鉱業はスクラップ化され多くの炭鉱労働者は失業し，産炭地域より流出した。以後1970年代に入って，この地域の振興がさけばれるようになった。本研究は以上の80年間に企業により供給・建設された炭鉱労働者用住宅－以下と略－を対象としてその歴史的な変化発展の過程につき住宅政策及び住宅計画という視点から考察したものである。さて，炭鉱業においては資源と生産方式の制約から労働者の居住の場が限定された。また労務管理の必要から集団居住が強制された。わが国では，これらの集団住宅を古くは納屋，小屋，飯場とよんだが，以後の労使関係の展開からこの呼称は抗夫長屋，鉱夫宿舎，炭鉱労務者住宅と変化した。とくに戦中，戦後に建設された炭鉱労働者住宅が，戦後の民主化運動の過程で行政的に｢｣と呼称されるようになった。本報告は大きく2つに区分される。まず第1編では1880年から1960年までの炭鉱労働者用住宅の発生と変遷を文献資料と現存する住宅の現地調査に基づき整理し，これと同時代の住宅政策や集団住宅計画の展開と比較研究する。これによって，わが国の労働者住宅の重要な部分であるの政策・計画論上の特質について考察する。つぎに第2編では1960年以降の旧の滅失と再編・改良のプロセスについて調査研究を行っている。とくにこの期間に実施された｢住宅地区改良事業｣について実施された事例の分析を試みている。さらにいくつかの典型町をフィールドにして80年間の地域と住宅の変遷について通史的な考察を行うとともに，これからの住宅政策の課題について論じている。

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　Coal-producing areas experienced declines ahead of the rest of the country. We believe that clarifying transformation patterns of those areas will provide knowledge that will contribute to the planning of residential areas in the shrinking society. However, to understand the shrinkage process, it is necessary to understand the peculiarities of the formation mechanism of coal mining settlements. Therefore, this study aimed to reveal the construction process of coal mining company housing in the Mitsui Miike Coal Mine which is a representative example.

　The methodology is as follows. we studied the construction process of coal mining company housing by the historical records of Miike Mining and Miike Port Office, Company Housing Registry (Shataku Daichō), the information of architectural approval applications, documents of Teruo Takematsu, data of the applications for building confirmation, and Company Housing Plan of Miike Mining. Second, we divide the construction process of coal mining company housing into periods based on the social condition, and developments of the coal mining industry and coal mining company housing areas. Third, we plotted the construction process of coal mine company housing on the map for each period category.

　Through this study, we made the following things clear; 1) In Mitsui Miike Mine, the construction of coal mining company housing can be divided into nine periods: Phase 1 (1889-1902): the founding period, Phase 2.1-2.1 (1903-1924): the southwest move period, Phase 3 (1925-1935): the stagnation period, Phase 4 (1936-1944): the construction promotion period (the wartime regime), Period 5 (1946-1948): the construction promotion period (the postwar reconstruction), Phase 6 (1950-1958): the intermediate period between increased production and decline, and Phase 7 (1961-1997): the decline period.

　2)In Phase 1, construction activities were taken place near the mine shafts near the outcrop. In Phase 2.1, construction activities moved to the south with the mine shaft development (coal mining company houses for officers were built near the office and the port). In Phase 2.2, construction activities of coal mine company housing for miners moved to the southwest with the mine shaft development. In Phase 3, construction activities moved to the west even under the recession. In Phase 4.1, construction activities of coal mine company houses for miners began to be observed in the east and west regardless of the mine shafts' location. In Phase 4.2, coal mining company houses were built in the east and west regardless of the location of mine shafts. In Phase 5, construction activities were carried out over a wide area from east to west, regardless of the mine shaft's location. In Phase 6, construction activities were carried out over a wide area from east to west. In Phase 7, construction activities were concentrated in the western part near the mine shafts. In the company housing plan, the policy was to maintain the coal mine company houses in the northwest near the mine shafts.

　From the above, we can infer that we can classify the formation process of coal mining settlements into (1) the modernization process, in which coal mining settlements move along the geological structure, (2) the production increase process, in which coal mining settlements expand under the influence of social conditions and national policy, and (3) the decline process, in which coal mining settlements shrink again along with the geological structure.

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In the preceding papre, the authors studied the historically changing process of housing for miners, then we made a chronological table, and we examined the origin and evolution of NAYA and KOFUSHATAKU that were built for coal miners between the 1880's and the 1920's. In this paper, we studied the evolutional process of planning for coal mine worker's houses between the 1930's and the 1950's. Our conclusions from the study are as follows : 1)Since programs for the increaced production of coal were framed by the goverment before and after World War II, many houses for mine worker were supplied between 1935 and 1950. 2) The standards of Public-housing established by Ministry of Welfare in 1941 and by Ministry of Construction in 1947, have influence on the planning of houses for mine workers. 3) Typical plans of dwelling-unit of this period were summarized as Fig. 1 and Fig. 4. 4) After the abrogation of NAYA system, the control system of houses for mine workers was improved by the institution for labour-management co-operation in the 1930's and the agreements were established as a result of the negotiation between capital and labour in the 1950's.

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In Japan, many houses for mine workers were builf from the 1880's to the 1960's. However, since the goverment changed its energy policies in the sixties, the coal mining industries declined and mine workers who lost their jobs left the coal mining districts. In the 1970's rehabilitation programs of the district were emphasized. But in the programs, policies of housing were not developed. So many dwellers remain at the timeworn houses in coal mining districts. Since dwellers of this housings were poor, problems like a slum appeared. In Fukuoka prefecture, Project for Improving Housing was put into practice from 1967, but 345 Housing Districts remain in 1983. For this report, the author studied the evolution or renewing process of the timeworn houses in Fukuoka from 1967 to 1983. This paper is devided into three sections. In the first and second section, we consider how the old type of mine workers' housings were reduced, reorganized, or improved after the coal mining industries declined. In the third section, we apply Principal Component Analysis to a district classification of the old type of mine worker's housings.

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In the first paper, we considered how the old type of mine workers' housings were reduced, reorganized or improved after the coal mining industries declined. Then we applied Principal Component Analysis to a district classification of the old type of mine workers' housings. This paper is devided into three sections. In the first section, we cnsider conditions for reorganization of housing environment by field surveys of some typical housing sites for miners in TIKUHO region. In the second section, we examine the social stratum and housing level of dwellers. In the third section, we analize the consciousness of residents in regord to improvement of timeworn houses which were built for miners between the 1920's and the 1950's.

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既往研究では、広域を含めて旧産炭地の景観的特性を、当該地域の自然的条件や社会歴史的観点から評価し、地域社会の活性化につなげる視点から議論されていない。本研究では、旧空知産炭地域を事例に、対象地域での景観特性を整理したうえで、既往の取り組みから得た経験と知見をもとに、地域社会を再生するモデルにおける景観の活用手法を考察し、対象事例について、場所性を高める景観デザインの手法と課題を検討した。地域社会の再生を図る上で、旧産炭地が有する景観的特性を評価した結果、景観資源を用いた場の記憶の社会資源化を図るには、地域性を発見し共有化するまちづくりのプロセスに合わせて、計画策定を行う必要がある。眼前にある炭鉱遺産自体の保存だけでなく、炭鉱産業の成り立ちや街並みを形づくった構造を読み取り、地域空間上の場所性を文脈として理解した上で、社会的記憶の場として、場所の意味や文化、アイデンティティの表現、場所性の捉え方、表出手法が問われる。

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In Japan, many houses for mine workers were built from the 1880's to the 1960's. However, since the goverment changed its energy policies in the sixties, the coal mining industries declined and mine workers who lost their jobs left the coal mining districts. In the 1970's, rehabilitation programs of the district were emphasized. Since the coal mine is located on the site where the coal is found, workers forced to live closed to the mines. Also to facilitate labor manmagement, workers have been made to live collectively. In our country this type of collective housings were called NAYA or HANBA before the 1900's. With the improvement of labor-management relations, the name have been changed to KOFU-SHATAKU, KOFU-SHUKUSHA or TANKO-ROMUSHA-JUTAKU. As the dialogue labor and management increased after the second War, the name was shortened to TANKO-JUTAKU, as it is commonly referred to in administrative circles. This paper is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, the authors studied the historically changing process of housing for miners, then we made a chronological table and divided it into six periods. In the second and third chapter, we examine the origin and evolution of NAYA and KOFU-SHATAKU that were built for coal miners between the 1880's and the 1920's.

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The purposes of this study are to clarify the subjects of the urbanization area of the two different coal mining regions of Chikuho and Sorachi through the evaluation and comparison of the revitalization policies after the coal mining industrial age, and to propose the development method of the public housing sites in these areas. As a result, the differences of the urban environments between both regions were pointed out by figuring out the difference of revitalization policies and financial conditions. Based on the analysis, we suggested the schemes for each of regions; in Chikuho, the public housing sites which are located in convenient urban are to be rebuild to connect with other urban policies like welfare or commercial. In Sorachi, low density public housing sites are to be unified or cleared and to make the efficient urban areas by relocating these areas in linear network.

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