交流ゼーマン補正黒鉛炉原子吸光法を用いて,ルテニウムレッドかん流により染色したじんの糸球体基底膜(glomerular basement membrane,以下GBMと略記)中のルテニウムの定量法を検討した.試料1mlを25%水酸化テトラメチルアンモニウム(tetramethylammonium hydroxide,以下TMAHと略記)1mlで分解後,水で希釈して10mlとし,2.5%のTMAH溶液とした.検量線溶液はルテニウム標準溶液を試料溶液と同じTMAH濃度に調製した.黒鉛炉の使用回数が増えれば測定値の吸光度に負の影響を与えるが,ピーク面積積分値の場合は比較的小さい.相対標準偏差値(RSD)を4%(ピーク面積積分値0.32において)以内にとどめる使用回数は約110回であり,この範囲内のピーク面積積分値の減少は10%以下であった.前処理操作で使用し残存する生理食塩水のナトリウムによるバックグラウンド吸収の補正は,最適な灰化温度を設定することにより抑制できマトリックス修飾剤の添加は必要としなかった.本法の分析感度は40.4pg,検出限界は5.5ppb,10回の繰り返し測定精度は0.9%,10分おきに30回繰り返し測定した再現性は5.2%,5日おきに3回繰り返し測定した再現性は3.7%,回収率は91～109%であり,任意の1群の試料5検体を分析したGBM結合ルテニウムの定量結果は56.1±5.8μg mg^-1 GBM protein,RSD10.3%であった.

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粉末試料25.0 mgを塩酸0.5 mlとフッ化水素酸0.2 mlで室温分解した後，4 w/w％ ホウ酸2.4 mlを加え全量25.0 gの試料溶液とする．この溶液からケイ素はモリブデン酸アンモニウム，アルミニウムはスチルバゾ，鉄は1,10-フェナントロリンを発色試薬に用い，共通の2流路フローインジェクション分析システムにより順次定量した．またナトリウムとカリウムは各々のイオン選択性電極を並列接続し定量した．酸化鉄（II）のみは25.0 mgの別試料をバナジウム（V）共存下で過塩素酸0.6 mlとフッ化水素酸0.2 mlで分解後，同様に25.0 gの試料溶液とし，定量には3流路システムを用いた．本法は多数試料の並列処理が容易であり，酸性岩から超塩基性岩にわたる代表的な標準岩石試料の各成分の分析値は認証値とよく一致した．

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少量溶液の取り扱いに有利な重量基準による標準添加法を原子スペクトル分析法と組み合わせて検討した.従来の容量基準による方法と異なり,試料溶液の分取量,標準溶液の添加量,最終溶液量をそれぞれ正確に一定にする必要はなく,試料溶液の希釈率を補正係数として用いることにより従来法となんら変わりなく標準添加法を適用することができ,正確さ及び再現性とも良好であった.本法をアルミニウム合金(NBS 87a,NKK 916)及び99.99%アルミニウム中のマグネシウムのAAS定量及び標準岩石(GSI-JG-1)中のリチウムのICP-AES定量に応用し,良好な結果を得た.

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Addition of Mg into (Al, Cr)₂O₃ pigments significantly varied their colors. The Mg-added pigments consisted of (Al, Cr)₂O₃ corundum phase (C-phase) and Mg(Al, Cr)₂O₄ spinel phase (S-phase). In order to obtain data for the evaluation of the Cr contents in the C-and S-phases, (Al_1-xCr_x)₂O₃ corundum and Mg (Al_1-xCr_x)₂O₄ spinel both with x ranging from 0 to 1 were synthesized, and their lattice constants were measured by the XRD method. Lattice constants of the C-phase in the pigments prepared from (0.9_-x)mol Al₂O₃, 0.1mol Cr₂O₃ and x mol MgCO₃ were independent of the Mg content, and the Cr concentration of the C-phase in each pigment was determined to be 10mol%. On the other hand, a lattice constant of the S-phase decreased with the increase in the Mg content. Using the lattice constant data of the synthesized spinel and corundum, it was shown that the Cr content of the S-phase decreased with the increase in the Mg content. It was concluded that the color variations caused by the Mg addition into (Al, Cr)₂O₃ pigments were attributable to changes of the Cr content of the S-phase.

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Dehydration and hydration reactions in both the downgoing lithosphere and the overlying mantle wedge have been examined in order to understand the role of H₂O in the production of magmas at convergent plat boundaries. H₂O released from the subducted slab forms hydrous peridotites at the base of forearc mantle wedge. Dehydration of the down-dragged hydrous peridotites results in the formation of three hydrous columns or potential magma sources in the mantle wedge above the temperature of 600°C and the pressures of 3.5 and 5.5 GPa of the surface of the slab. In normal subduction zones, partial melting takes place in two backarc-side hydrous columns; under anomalously high geothermal conditions, the trenchward hydrous colum n can produce primary andesite magmas.
High pressure experimental results have suggested that incompatible elements with larger ionic radii can be readily transported with H₂O fluid phases through both dehydration and vesiculation processes: these processes may govern the geochemical characteristics of subduaction zone magmas.
Sr and Nd isotope compositions of Tertiary volcanic rocks in the NE Japan arc indicates that the subduction components do not increasingly pollute the magma source region during the continuous subduction of the oceanic lithosphere; the degree of pollution by the subduction components is controlled by the amount of clinopyroxene and aluminous phases in mantle wedge peridotites.
The material movement in the mantle wedge during the episode of the backarc spreading has been discussed with reference to the migration of volcanic front in the NE Japan arc. The backarc extension of the Japan Sea was triggered by the injection of high-terperature asthenosphere into the mantle wedge. The asthenospheric mantle materials are identical to those of midoceanic ridge basalt source in Sr-Nd isotopic compositions.

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Effect of particle size of quartz and feldspar on the densification and bending strength of porcelain bodies in the quartz-feldspar-kaolin system was investigated. Measurements of bulk density, 3-point bending strength and X-ray diffraction, and the observation of microstructures were performed. Quartz powders of an average particle size in the range of 1.2-8μm and feldspar of 1.2-4μm were prepared using a dry pulverizing machine attaching an air classifier. Raw materials of quartz, feldspar and kaolin were mixed in a mass ratio of 30:31:39 and the slip-cast specimens were fired at temperatures from 1100 to 1350°C. Densification temperature lowered with decreasing the particle size of quartz and feldspar powders. When quartz and feldspar powders of 1.2μm in particle size were used, porcelain bodies fully sintered at about 1175°C. Bending strength of the bodies increased with decreasing the particle size of quartz and feldspar powders. The maximum bending strength of 176MPa was obtained when 1.2μm powder of both quartz and feldspar were used. The particle size of quartz powder has a larger effect on the bending strength than that of feldspar powder.

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To estimate the strength of commercially produced porcelains, specimens must be cut from the commercial products. In this study, the effects of sample preparation processes, such as cutting or grinding, and measuring methods on the bending strength and its distribution were investigated for the specimens cut from commercial products, and compared with those of slip-cast specimens. The bending strength of specimens cut from traditional porcelains, which is smaller than 150MPa, agreed well with that of slip-cast specimens irrespective of sample preparation method. On the other hand, in the case of high-strength glazed porcelain products, which show values larger than 250MPa, the bending strength was estimated accurately by eliminating the chipping in glaze or cracks in the body by means of grinding away over 150μm on one side with a #400 diamond wheel, and agreed well with that of slip-cast specimens.

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