Layered inorganic materials such as clay minerals and layered metal oxide semiconductors (LMOSs) offer a two-dimensionally wide and expandable layered structure. Their expandability enables the incorporation of various types of chemical species into their interlayers with layer distance can vary. Moreover, the exfoliation of layered materials as “nanosheet” are promising for new types of inorganic layered materials. In many cases, the adsorbed chemical species on layered materials form a regularly aligned structure by the interaction with layer surface. These two-dimensionally wide spaces allow inter-molecular interactions between identical or different adsorbed chemical species. Thus, such two-dimensionally oriented systems are very interesting as photochemical reaction fields. In fact, the photochemical behaviors of adsorbed molecules are completely different from those in homogeneous solutions. Unique and characteristic photochemical properties of dyes in the interlayer spaces or on the surfaces of inorganic nanosheets are reviewed.
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