ISHII, A., , K., TSUCHIYA, S. and KONNO, T. Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia Probably Promoted by Growth Hormone. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1989, 158 (3), 263-264-The study shows clinical evidence that growth hormone (GH) presumably promoted Phl-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia in a 14-year-old boy who was receiving GH treatment for growth failure after surgery and irradiation for craniopharyngioma. Leukocytosis associated with immature myelocytic cells and low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score appeared one year after GH treatment. Cytogenic study showed the presence of Phl chromosome.

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Although various studies related to the punching shear strength of slabs have been published, databases related to punching shear strength are small in size. A database of 313 specimens has been structured through the present study, compared to the 114-data compiled by et al. (1974) and the 138 data compiled by Gardner et al. (1996).
In this study, six equations for the punching shear strength prescribed in specifications were evaluated based on the database. This paper includes a discussion of the parameters of punching shear strength in JSCE and AIJ specifications. A simplified strength equation is also proposed from the database.

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The olfactory bulb of the musk shrew, Suncus murinus, is characterized by the presence of various interneurons. Our previous report ( et al., 2001) demonstrated that positive immunoreactions for calretinin were observed in periglomerular and perinidal cells in the glomerular layer, small ovoid neurons in the external plexiform layer, and granule cells in the granule cell layer of the olfactory bulb in the musk shrew aged 1 to 5 weeks, in addition to calretinin-immunoreactive bipolar cells distributed in the anterior subependymal layer and in each layer of the olfactory bulb. To examine the origin and migration of interneurons of the olfactory bulb, we labeled generated cells by injecting 28-day-old musk shrews with 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU), and detected the labeled progeny cells that survived after several intervals. BrdU-labeled cells originated in the subependymal layer around the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, and rostrally migrated in the subependymal layer from the anterior wall of the lateral ventricle into the center of the olfactory bulb, where they radially migrated into the granule cell layer, external plexiform layer, and glomerular layer. It took 2 days to migrate rostrally in the subependymal layer from the anterior lateral ventricle to the center of the olfactory bulb, and 2 to 6 days to migrate radially from the bulbar subependymal layer into the three layers mentioned. The rate of rostralward migration of the labeled cells was estimated to be 38 μm/h, while that of radial migration, 7 to 25 μm/h. The present BrdU-labeling study, together with our previous immunohistochemical study ( et al., 2001), indicates that anterior subependymal cells differentiate into granule cells in the granule cell layer, into Van Gehuchten cells in the external plexiform layer, and into periglomerular and perinidal cells in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb in the musk shrew.

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The major failure mode of reinforced concrete slabs subjected to a concentrated load on the small loading area is governed by punching shear. After the first study of Talbot in 1913, many research works have been carried out to investigate the mechanism and to derive a punching shear load equation. In Japan, the empirical equation analyzed statistically by et al. has been used to be the most appropriate one to explain test results. However, it seems to be unappropriate to explain the punching shear load of one-way slabs using a rectangular loading pad. The authors have derived an equation applicable to one-way slabs also, which is composed of the ultimate shear strength in compression zone along the perimeter of the loaded area and the splitting strength of bottom covers induced by the dowel force of reinforcement.

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北海道中央部石狩低地帯東縁に分布する更新統の角田層と茂世丑層の再定義をおこなって,角田層堆積期間は120〜45Ka(酸素同位体ステージ5e〜3),茂世丑層堆積期間は42-40Ka頃(酸素同位体ステージ3)であることを示した.また,この地域の環境変遷を以下のように整理した.東千歳層堆積期(130〜120Ka)太平洋に注ぐ"古夕張川"により扇状地が形成され,湿原の形成が開始した.角田層堆積期(120〜45Ka)温暖化にともない湿原は拡大したが,大量のテフラの降灰による埋め立てなどにより50kaごろに南部が陸化し,45ka頃にはほぼ全域が陸化した.茂世丑層堆積期(42-40Ka)42-40Kaに起こったSpflの流出により,それまで太平洋に流入していた"古石狩川"は,Spfl堆積域の北部側でせき止められた.その結果,茂世丑低地帯は現在の標高60m前後にまで水位が上昇し,周囲に多量にあった軽石を混じえた泥質な堆積物が堆積した.この"古石狩川ダム湖"や後背湿地は江別市野幌付近にも広がった.やがて,札幌方向に流路が切り開かれ,Spfal等に由来する多くの軽石礫を伴う河川成堆積物が一気に札幌方面にもたらされて,石狩川は日本海に注ぎ始めた.由仁安平低地帯の由仁町以南にはダム湖が広がらず,多くの火山灰古砂丘が形成された.

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A new hydride in the MgH₂–YH₃ system was found by using a high pressure of 5 GPa, and their crystal structure, thermal stability and hydrogen content were studied. The high-pressure synthesis was carried out at 1073 K for 2 h under 5 GPa by using an anvil-type apparatus. In the MgH₂–xat%YH₃ system (x=33–100), novel hydride was synthesized near x=67 (MgY₂H_y). This phase exhibited a FCC-type structure with a cell parameter of a=0.516 nm. This high-pressure phase was dehydrogenated at about 600 K under an Ar atmosphere of 0.05 MPa, and the FCC structure was maintained after dehydrogenation. The amount of hydrogen desorbed at about 600 K was 1.4 mass%.

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Silicon carbide is expected to be used as a next-generation material because of its more effective mechanical and electronic properties. The hetero Molecular Beam Epitaxy process may provide a method to form thin layered mono-crystal Silicon carbide on a Silicon substrate. The present paper aims to clarify the relation between the layer's properties and the substrate crystal orientations, especially (100) and (110), and discusses the mechanism of Silicon carbide growth under certain operating conditions through a series of tests and evaluations.

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Phases and thermal stability of new hydrides synthesized by using under a high pressure of 5 GPa in Ca–Mg–Ni–H systems were studied. The high-pressure synthesis was carried out at 1073 K–1223 K for 2 h under 5 GPa by using an anvil-type apparatus. A series of (Ca_1−xMg_x)₂NiH_δ was found to form solid solution in the range of x=0–0.4. This hydride decomposed around 646 K regardless of Mg content. In CaH₂-X%MgH₂ systems, hydrides with BCC structure were obtained in the range of X=50–67. Lattice constant of the BCC phase decreased from 0.4032(9) nm (X=50) to 0.3988(3) nm (X=67) with increasing Mg content. The decomposed temperature of the BCC phase increased from 650 K (X=50) to 673 K (X=67) with increasing Mg content, in other words, with decreasing the lattice constant of BCC phase.

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The high-pressure synthesis of new hydrides of the Ca–Mg–Ni system and crystal structural and thermal analyses have been conducted. The high-pressure synthesis was carried out at 1073 K for 2 h at 5 GPa using a cubic-anvil-type apparatus. An additional hydrogen source was used to stabilize the hydride phases. A series of (Ca_1−xMg_x)₂NiH_δ was found to form solid solutions in the range of x=0–0.4. The crystal structure of the (Ca_1−xMg_x)₂NiH_δ solid solutions was of the CsCl-type. The lattice constant of the CsCl-type phase decreased from 0.35542(2) nm (x=0) to 0.35478(2) nm (x=0.4) with increasing Mg content. For the samples with a Ni-rich composition, in addition to the CsCl-type phase, a Mg₂Ni₃H_3.4 phase was also present at high pressures. The CsCl-type phases were thermally stable at less than 646 ±2 K, regardless of Mg content.

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  The present study was carried out to examine the chemopreventive effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and lactoferrin (LF) on goldfish intestinal carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). DMH was given to fish by intraperitoneal injection in a dosage of 15 mg/kg body weight once a week for 6 weeks. Eight weeks after the initial DMH injection, fish were randomly divided into 2 groups, control and LF-treated groups. Control fish fed a commercial diet. LF- treated fish fed a commercial diet with bovine lactoferrin (oral administration at 200 mg/kg body weight/day). Ten weeks after the initial DMH injection, each was divided into 2 groups, saline- and 5-FU- treated groups. Physiological saline for freshwater fish (0.75% NaCl solution) in the saline-treated fish and 5-FU dissolved in 0.75% NaCl solution in the 5-FU-treated (75 mg/kg body weight) fish were injected intramuscularly three times every other day, respectively. The mean number of precancer cell foci (PCF) per intestine was 2.7 in DMH treated fish. PCF showed broader distribution in the entire intestine derived from DMH-treated fish. LF-only-treatment has no effect on the number of PCF. Mean number of PCF in 5-FU-only-treated fish decreased in comparison with that of the saline-treated control group, though no statistically significant reduction in PCF was found. But if 5-FU treatment was added to LF pretreatment, a statistically significant reduction in the number of PCF was observed. Pretreatment with LF for 2 weeks also reduced the deleterious side effects of 5-FU.

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　1986-1987年エルニーニョ時水沢における鉛直線変化は西に1ms傾き,江刺地球潮汐観測施設の傾斜変化の東西成分は50masの東高を示している.これらの説明を試みる.インドー中緯度太平洋結合および1日の長さ(LOD)の増加は大気角運動量(AAM)を風応力を通して,固体地球に海洋底圧力増加を通して伝達する.海洋底圧力による荷重が小さいのでエルニーニョに伴う傾斜変化を海洋潮汐模型で説明することはできない.東北日本島弧および太平洋プレートは,それぞれうすい弾性プレートおよび有限の厚さの弾性プレートとする.太平洋プレートは表面に一様な圧力を受け曲げを生ずる.表面側は底部に対し伸張し,島弧境界において曲げモーメントを生ずる.太平洋プレートに接する島弧プレートは境界において曲げモーメントおよび等価合せん断応力が連続であると仮定する.島弧プレートは密度の大きい下層に沈降すると密度差に比例する浮力および太平洋プレートから一様な圧縮応力を受ける.太平洋プレート表面に作用する圧力を25Pa,その中心位置を島弧境界から500kmとし,島弧を東西に伸びる棒として曲げを求める.島弧の長さを400kmおよび300km,厚さを30kmとすると,水沢における鉛直線変化の西方への傾きは18μs,25μs,また江刺におけるE-upの傾斜は30mas ,40masとなる.島弧プレートの厚さがうすくなれば曲げが大きくなり観測値と一致しない.

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Zonal modes of mantle deformation may couple with the Earth's rotational motion. Increases of the LOD (slowing down of the Earth's rotational speed) suggest a coupling with increases of the vertical in the low latitude zone. This relation may be due to the angular momentum redistribution in the mantle associated with motions in the fluid core. Thermal core-mantle interaction is proposed to explain the coupling between the fluid motion near the CMS and the elastic mantle in a simple model valid at the equator near the CMB. Transport of mass in the fluid core near the CMB along the north direction can be large enough to explain the observed values of the variation of the vertical.

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New hydrides of Mg–TM–H systems, where TM = Zr, Nb and Mo, have been prepared by using cubic-anvil-type apparatus, and their crystal structure and hydrogen content have been investigated. The high-pressure synthesis was performed at 1073–1173 K under 2–5 GPa. In the Mg–Zr–H system, a new hydride Mg₂Zr₃H_y with a monoclinic structure (a=0.8591(1) nm, b=0.33539(5) nm, c=0.5816(1) nm, β=103.06(3)°) was obtained by exposing a mixture of MgH₂ and ZrH₂ to pressure of 2 to 5 GPa at 1073 K for 2 h. In the Mg–Mo system, a new hydride Mg₃MoH₆ was synthesized by exposing a mixture of MgH₂ and Mo to 5 GPa at 1173 K for 2 h. The hydride was found to have a hexagonal structure (a=0.49958(6) nm, c=0.8840(2) nm). In the Mg–Nb–H system, a new hydride Mg₄NbH_y was also synthesized by exposing a mixture of MgH₂ and Nb to 5 GPa at 1073 K for 2 h.

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　アジアにおける天文経緯度観測の局地差と東南アジア付近の地球内部磁場のz成分の1970年代の変化(水野1984)には関係がみられる.地球内部磁場は流体核内の対流により形成されるであろう.しかし早い変動に対して流体核からマソトルへの熱輸送は少く,マソトル・プルームの形成に貢献しないであろう.天文経緯度観測における数年程度の局地変化は流体核・マントル境界近傍における流体核の熱膨脹に起因すると考えられる.

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  We investigated whether the deleterious side effects of chemotherapeutic agents on the physiologic functions of fish could be modulated by lactoferrin (LF). Goldfish, weighing about 25 g, were treated intramuscularly with methotrexate (MTX: 2.5 mg/kg body weight) and fluorouracil (FU: 15 or 50 mg/kg body weight) three times every other day. In control fish fed a commercial diet, MTX induced severe immunosuppression, increased the number of total bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae in the intestinal tract, and caused intestinal damage such as lowered and thickened mucosa and thinned muscularis externa, with moderate renal dysfunction. A few fish treated with MTX died. In fish injected with FU or FU plus MTX, the side effects were slightly less in comparison with those in the MTX group. Pretreatment with LF (oral administration at 200 mg/kg body weight/day) for 3 weeks reduced the deleterious side effects of MTX and FU. One intraperitoneal injection of LF (200 mg/kg body weight) immediately after the first MTX injection also reduced the side effects. These results show that LF reduces the physiologic dysfunction of fish treated with chemotherapeutic agents.

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The electronic structure of the MgY₂H_6+δ high-pressure hydride has been investigated by means of the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method, and the stability of the octahedral and tetrahedral sites for H atoms has been discussed. The calculation models used were MgY₃H_8–12, corresponding to H/M = 2–3. From the calculation of the density of states for MgY₃H₁₁, it was found that the states originating from H-s and Y-d mainly formed valence and conduction bands, respectively. In the valence band, bonding states originating from H-s of tetrahedral sites, Y-d, Y-p, and Mg-p can be observed in a wide energy range, especially between −3∼−5 eV below the Fermi level. In addition, the contour plots of the valence electron charge density revealed that the bonding between Y and H atoms on the tetrahedral sites was predominantly covalent, while the H atom on the octahedral site showed a weak interaction with Y and H atoms on the tetrahedral sites. The cell volume optimization indicated that the calculated equilibrium volume linearly increased with increasing the number of vacancies on the octahedral sites, while it decreased in the case of introducing the vacancy on the tetrahedral site. From these observations, it can be concluded that the H atoms on the tetrahedral sites seem to be responsible for holding its crystal structure, while ones on the octahedral sites had a certain level of contribution to enhancing the bond strength. These observations support the experimental results that the crystal structure of MgY₂H_6+δ is stable even after the partial desorption of hydrogen, which presumably occupy the octahedral sites, at around 600 K.

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The title compound, phenoxo-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complex with N-salicylidene-2-hydroxy-5-bromobenzylamine (H₂shbb) [Cu₂(shbb)₂(dmso)₂]·2dmso (dmso = dimethyl sulfoxide), was synthesized and the crystal structure was determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method at 90 K. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with a = 16.994(3)Å, b = 8.3932(16)Å, c = 15.755(3)Å, β = 111.547(3)°, V = 2090.2(7)ų, D_x = 1.665 g/cm³, and Z = 2. The R1 and wR2 values are 0.0505 and 0.0649, respectively, for 4759 reflections. The molecule is a phenoxo-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complex having an elongated square-pyramidal coordination geometry with the O₃N basal atoms from the shbb₂^- ligands and the apical O atom from the dmso ligand.

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Hydrogenation of MgNi₂ by atomic hydrogen was examined at elevated temperatures. Mg₂Ni powder was compacted into a disk and heated in vacuum at 773 K for outgassing. During this heat treatment, Mg₂Ni was transformed into MgNi₂ by evaporation of Mg. This specimen was hydrogenated at 573, 673 and 773 K by hydrogen gas of 30 Pa and atoms produced by rf-discharge. No significant hydrogenation took place by hydrogen gas. On the other hand, the specimen was hydrogenated by the exposure to atoms at 773 K up to [H]⁄[M]=0.14 within 25 ks. New peaks appeared in the diffraction pattern of Cu Kα X-rays at 2θ=34.0, 42.0, 48.9 and 86.6^°. This observation indicated that the hydride formed was in a cubic structure.

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  Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to relieve physical and mental pain, and to improve patients' quality of life. However, stomach irritation is a major side effect. Most NSAIDs inhibit cyclooxygenases (COXs), and inhibition of COX-1 on the stomach mucous membrane is thought to be responsible for the gastric disturb- ance. Consequently, development efforts have focused on COX-2-selective inhibitors, while COX-1-selective inhibitors have been rather neglected. Subsequently, however, it was shown that inhibition of either COX-1 or COX-2 alone does not induce gastric damage. Therefore, we have developed the COX-1-selective inhibitor N-(4-aminophenyl)-4-trifluoromethylbenzamide (TFAP), which shows analgesic activity without causing gastric damage. However, metabolism of TFAP generates a colored metabolite, resulting in red-purple coloration of urine after administration. In addition, the analgesic activity of TFAP is weaker than that of indomethacin. Thus, we designed a series of new COX-1-selective inhibitors, the 5-amino-2-ethoxy-N-(substituted)benzamide (ABEX) series, in order to avoid formation of the colored metabolite by modifying the diaminopyridine skeleton. As a result of structural modification and in vitro and in vivo testing of compounds in the ABEX series, we found a novel COX-1-selective inhibitor, 5-amino-2-ethoxy-N-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)benzamide (ABEX-3TF), which shows better analgesic activity than indomethacin, and does not cause coloration of urine.

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