Web application second-order vulnerabilities first inject malicious code into the persistent data stores of the web server and then execute it at later sensitive operations, causing severe impact. Nevertheless, the dynamic features, the complex data propagation, and the inter-state dependencies bring many challenges in discovering such vulnerabilities. To address these challenges, we propose DISOV, a web application property graph (WAPG) based method to discover second-order vulnerabilities. Specifically, DISOV first constructs WAPG to represent data propagation and inter-state dependencies of the web application, which can be further leveraged to find the potential second-order vulnerabilities paths. Then, it leverages fuzz testing to verify the potential vulnerabilities paths. To verify the effectiveness of DISOV, we tested it in 13 popular web applications in real-world and compared with Black Widow, the state-of-the-art web vulnerability scanner. DISOV discovered 43 second-order vulnerabilities, including 23 second-order XSS vulnerabilities, 3 second-order SQL injection vulnerabilities, and 17 second-order RCE vulnerabilities. While Black Widow only discovered 18 second-order XSS vulnerabilities, with none second-order SQL injection vulnerability and second-order RCE vulnerability. In addition, DISOV has found 12 0-day second-order vulnerabilities, demonstrating its effectiveness in practice.

During the period from September 5 to November 4, 1915 (Taisho 4), the bacteriologist Dr. Hideyo Noguchi temporarily returned to Japan after living and working in the United States for 15 years. This article discusses the many lectures he delivered during his visit, particularly those at the alumni meeting of Saisei-Gakusha, the institution from which he graduated, and the Mita Speech Meeting at Keio University. Additionally, this paper provides an overview of Saisei-Gakusha, a private medical school from the Meiji era that later became the predecessor of Nippon Medical School, highlighting its founding philosophy of "Saisei" (to save lives). It also introduces materials such as Noguchi's handwritten Curriculum Vitae and Autograph, which he prepared while studying abroad at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Furthermore, we examine an article from The New York Times reporting on Noguchi's serious illness several years after his return to the United States, as well as related articles from Japanese newspapers. We also present a thank-you postcard and a business card sent by Noguchi to his close friend Dr. Shinichi Wani, a fellow alumnus of Saisei-Gakusha, illustrating their enduring friendship. These materials reflect Noguchi's meticulous nature, thoughtful personality, and warm character, as seen through his relationship with his dear friend Wani.

The plot of Henry James’s The Golden Bowl (1904) explores the process of Maggie Verver’s gradual realization of and struggle toward the adultery between her husband, Prince Amerigo, and her

This study aimed to examine the effect of the tendency to avoid hurting friends on trust during adolescence. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 286 university students (95 males and 188 females and 3 unknown, whose mean age was 20.04 ± 1.45 years) using two scales. “The tendency to avoid hurting each other” scale consisted of three factors, namely “avoidance of hurting friends and courtesy,” “ensuring distance,” and “avoidance of being hurt by friends;” and the “students’ trust in

目的：「中学校保健室登校支援」における「養護教諭の認識プロセスとその影響要因」を明らかにすることを目的とした。

方法：「中学校保健室登校生徒」が「発達上、好ましい方向に向かっていると養護教諭が判断した」16事例をM－GTAにより分析した。

結果と考察：「中学校保健室登校支援」において、養護教諭は生徒理解が《深まり》、生徒の〈意思尊重〉をしながら〈支援範囲〉と〈優先順位〉の《見極め》を行う【判断プロセス】と生徒の《ステップアップの期待》と生徒に寄り添いながら支援をしていく《伴走者》としての思いを包含した【成長へのまなざし】を照らし合わせながら、支援を行っていた。また、【スクールメイト要因】は、生徒の《心理的変容》と《登校行動の変化》を包含した、養護教諭による生徒の【変化への気づき】に影響しており、これが新たに【判断プロセス】に至るというプロセスを経ていた。

There may be several levels or patterns in employing ‘history' in the various practices relevant to geosciences. This article examines some cases experienced in modernizing Japan, especially in the period of the 1860s‒1920s, in the geoscientific fields and science teaching. In the early stage, geologists made use of natural history or regional geography with illustrations produced in the Edo Period in their geological surveys. Furthermore, seismologists employed historical documents to compile the history of earthquakes in Japan. These were practical usages of ‘history'. The second stage saw the introduction of scientific biographies and utilization of ‘classics' by scientists. Bunjiro Koto (1856‒1935), the first Japanese professor of geology in the University of Tokyo, took up biographies of Western geologists in the magazine Chigaku Zasshi he edited in the 20s (1889‒1896) of the Meiji Era. This was a typical pedagogical usage of the history of the science to popularize it. Hantaro Nagaoka (1865‒1950) used the classics in an interesting way; when young, his reading of Chinese classics was what inspired his career as a physicist. In the third stage, we can recognize the emergence of making science history, but under limited conditions. The cosmophysicist of Kyoto University Shinzo Shinjo (1873‒1938), used the history of astronomy in an introductory work on cosmic evolution (1916), while a geographer-geologist from the same university, Takuji Ogawa (1870‒1941) interpreted the history of geology to create his theory of the earth (1929). These theorists were aware of the importance of historical authority for establishing the new trends of their disciplines in Japan. Moreover, using Chinese materials, Shinjo and Ogawa narrated the history of astronomy and geography, respectively, of ancient China. Thus, we can trace the steps by which scientists utilized histories to gain information from indigenous knowledge in the fields and introduce Western teachings in the classrooms. In this process, they also tried to construct the history of nature. More importantly, in this procedure, they even came to study the genuine history to inspect traditional science and technology, although the society for the historical study of science was not yet established.