Rapid advances in bioimage data acquisition technology made that image becomes the in modern biology. Such image information of bioscience provides multidimensional digital data which quantitatively estimates complex natural phenomena. In future, numerical simulations with biophysics based on the image information may reveal mystery of living materials. We think that the key to reach such future from current biology is to integrate advanced image processing techniques into biology. Therefore, our team consisting of engineers, computer scientists, and biologists together has been working on developing new imaging and image processing techniques for biomedical data which are rich in variety of physical scales from organ to intracellular images. Medical image processing is highly advanced in computer science. However applying conventional methods to cellular and intracellular images is extremely difficult because of low signal-to-noise ratio imposed by hardware limitations and complex biological structures. On the other hand, these new problems raise a very challenging and interesting new field of study. Let's start with the bio-image processing together

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Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. So many researches have been studied to overcome the disease. We have studied sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Our SDT is based on cellcidal effects of reactive oxygen species that are produced by the interaction between drug delivery system (DDS) and high intensified focused ultrasound (HIFU). A pharmaceutical company now investigates the DDS in a human clinical trial for conventional chemotherapy. The efficacy of the SDT has been demonstrated in a mouse model, and has been expected to realize a novel cancer therapy that is excellent in low invasiveness and little side effects, because the treatment will be provided by applying a combination of a low-energy HIFU and a minute quantity injection of DDS (1/6 dose injection compared with conventional chemotherapy). A clinical trial of the SDT has been projected in collaboration with medical devise companies (HIFU), pharmaceutical companies (DDS). We have started a discussion with PMDA (Pharmaceutical and Medical Devise Agency, Japanese regulatory agency).

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In this talk, firstly we will introduce our developing 14T MRM(Magnetic Resonance Microscopy) system, of which minimum voxel size is about 20μ. And then, we will introduce our project of in vivo imaging of medaka fish for human disease model. It is expected that the development of disease will be able to be visualized at an individual level.Figure on the right column shows PDFF(Proton Density Fat Fraction) map of a medaka fish obtained by using 3d MRM in vivo imaging.

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High performance Mg based hybrid five-layered composite laminates were fabricated by means of sandwiching the AZ31 Mg foils with the Carbon/PEEK prepregs, in which the nanoparticles SiO2 were uniformly spreaded at the interfaces, through hot press. The basic mechanical properties of the cross-ply hybrid laminates were obtained by tensile tests, and they were found in good agreement with the prediction by the rule of mixture. Then, the response due to constant stress amplitude tension-tension (T-T) cyclic loading at elevated temperature up to 106 cycles was investigated.The received S-N curves, when normalized by their corresponding ultimate strength, were found very close to each other. That strongly hints the higher resistance to fatigue of cross-ply hybrid laminates at higher temperature is accomplished.

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In this paper, an android application for the sake of life rhythm improvement and dementia prevention is proposed for elderly people. This application has mainly 3 modes: alarm mode, friendly mode and game mode. In the alarm mode, by setting the time, users are informed the time for wake-up, breakfast, lunch, taking medicine, dinner and going bed through voice and text. The purpose of the friendly mode is to give users animal therapy effect like communication robots. In the friendly mode, users can touch a 3D cat model in the application, and can feed and pet the cat. This encourages users to keep using this application through mutual communication between users and the cat. In the game mode, two types of brain training games are prepared for users. One is a calculation game in which the randomly selected 20 questions about additions, subtractions or multiplications are given to users, and percentage of correct answers is shown at the last. The other is a rock-paper-scissors game to train use's judgement ability. Eventually, it is considered that elderly people with slight dementia can improve their life rhythm by using this application and wandering of those people at night can be decreased. In the future, in order to evaluate the developed application, verification through clinical experiment is required.

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It is well known that there is a remarkable sympathy toward Japan and the Japanese in Turkey. It is possible to point out the origin of such a Japanese image in Turkish intellectuals created by Abdurresid Ibrahim and his son Ahmed Munir. They wrote many articles about Japan in Sirat-i Mustakim, and in its successor Sebilurresad, to inform the Turkish intellectuals about Japan at the beginning of the 20th century. Sirat-i Mustakim magazine was first published by Ebulula Zeynelabidin and Esref Edip on August 14th, 1908. During the period of the Second Constitutional Monarchy, Mehmed Akif, a famous Turkish writer at the time, took the position of editorial writer for this magazine. Published weekly, the magazine handled various topics, including religious, national, literary, and political matters. The concerns for Japan and Japanese people were also brought by Muslim intellectuals from Russia. Sirat-i Mustakim and Sebilurresad seemed to gratefully welcome any kind of news, comments, or articles about Japan. Though this included numerous articles concerning Japan written by authors other than Abdurresid Ibrahim and his son Ahmed Munir, a considerable number(including some anonymous articles) were written by them. The articles about Japan increased remarkably during the first period of the Sirat-i Mustakim and thus played an important role in developing a positive Japanese image in Turkey.

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The history of research on the exercise physiology of racehorses in Japan dates back to the 1930s. A research report entitled “Studies on exercise physiology and performance testing of the racehorse”, published in 1933 by Shigeo Matsuba and Torao Shimamura of The University of Tokyo, was epoch-making and the most important study in the history of equine exercise physiology in Japan. Research results were reported from 92 Thoroughbred racehorses in a large-scale project during the period of 1928 to 1932 at the Shimofusa Imperial Farm and the Koiwai Farm, which were the two greatest racehorse farms at that time. A total of 20 physiological variables were measured to evaluate the fitness of Thoroughbred racehorses before exercise (Pre), just after exercise (Post), 1 hr after exercise (1 hr), 2 hr after exercise (2 hr), and 3 hr after exercise (3 hr) in order to calculate their recovery rates as an index of fitness and performance. The percentage of the Pre value at 1 hr, 2 hr, and 3 hr was calculated. When the percentage of a variable reached 95–105% of the Pre value, the variable was considered to be recovered. The percentage of the total number of variables that were recovered for each time period was calculated, and an overall average was calculated from them; Matsuba and Shimamura proposed calling this overall average the “recovery rate”, which could then be applied to evaluate each horse. The effects of training on racehorses were subsequently evaluated by measuring the various physiological variables and the recovery rate.

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Abstract: The paper grew out of discussions with Japanese colleagues about Ricardo’s theory of profits on the occasion of a meeting at Meiji University in September 2009. It is argued that from an early time onwards Ricardo was convinced that the rate of prof- its could be ascertained in purely physical terms, without any question of valuation. Unfortunately, he was not given the time to translate this vision into a coherent and general theory. However, the vision permeates all his consecutive attempts at formu- lating such a theory-from the early ‘corn-ratio theory’ via the Essay on Profits to the Principles. The theory was meant to be general, taking into account all industries of the economy and paying due attention to their relationships. Ricardo understood that when it comes to the determination of the rate of profits, only those industries matter, which directly or indirectly contribute to the production of ‘necessaries,’ or wage goods, whereas industries that produce ‘luxuries’ do not. The concept of ‘corn,’ a com- posite commodity, was designed to reflect the set of industries producing necessaries. The surplus of necessaries over the amounts of them employed in production as capi- tal gives the rate of profits as a physical ratio. Ricardo’s ‘fundamental law of distribu- tion’ expresses the inverse relationship between the general rate of profits, conceived in this way, and real wages. It was Piero Sraffa who finally managed to elaborate a coherent and comprehensive theory of profits that confirmed Ricardo’s vision that the laws of distribution are ‘not essentially connected with the doctrine of value’ and overcame the shortcomings of Ricardo’s analysis. JEL classification numbers: B 24, D 33, D 51.

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日本人の人生を支配する観念は「恥」であり,西欧のそれは「原罪」であるとルース・ベネディクトが分析して以来久しいが,様々の議論にもかかわらず,この観点は間違いなく日本人理解を進めたと思われる。また日本人は人生を論ずることを好み,儒教的な「道」が人生論の中核となっているとも言われた。ある民族がどの様な人生観を持っているのかを見ることは,その民族を理解する良い方途となると考えられるが,アラブ人の場合は,この点どの様な見方を持っているのであろうか。アラブ人は,人生論自体を議論することは多くないが,ここでは現代エジプトの碩学の一人であるアフマド・アミーンの人生論をまとめ紹介したい。アミーンの基礎教養はイスラム諸学であるとしても,西欧近代文化の合理性や実証性を十分修得した知識人として,現代アラブ人の人生論探訪の対象としては,好例を提供していると思われる。アミーンの人生論の要点は,次の通りに纏められよう。「我々は人生の特性を知るのみで,その本質は把捉し難いので,人生につき方法論はあってもそれは何か,何故かといった疑問には答えられない。またそれは,遺伝と環境という二大要因により規定されているが,これも神の定めた法に基いており,人生の物質・精神両面共不滅であり,姿を変えて再生される。人間を形成するのは肉体・知性それに心-感性であり霊感-の三要素だが,感性豊かに心の嗜好を高めることに其の幸せが見出される。最高の目標は偉大な自然-文明の害から逃れさせ宗教心を育む-にも感取される絶対美に対する感動であり,それへの依拠・服従である。そして何人にも賦与されている宗教心を育み高めることにより,人生の意味と真の安寧が与えられる。」

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