An improved measurement system was developed to quantify the sediment flux on the basis of two image-based techniques for sediment concentration and velocity measurement respectively. Motion images of sediment particles in target flow are recorded by a high-speed camera with an electro luminescence sheet as a backlight source. A stroboscope is synchronized with the camera through a time delay generator at half of the frame rate. Normal (backlight only) and -illuminated images are alternatively obtained for image analysis. Sediment concentration is estimated from normal images according to a pre-calibrated relationship between concentration and light attenuation based on the Lambert-Beer law. Velocities of sediment particles are obtained by applying PIV to each set of the normal and -illuminated motion images. Sediment flux can be figured out by multiplying the concentration and velocity at respective locations. Simple verification tests were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the improved system. The results suggest that the system is capable of measuring sediment concentration over 190g/L with errors of no more than 10%.

抄録全体を表示

Current method to achieve stable action of X-ray apparatus needs expensive measuring instrument and high level technic. Only a small number of Hospital are able to have such expensive measuring instrument. Then, we designed trial instrument which is performance and low price, and it consit of things which get everywhere, such as motor, drum, X-ray film and etc., This unit. called the Linear Scope System. (First production units are scheduled for the last half of 1975. The new Linear Scope System represent very today) This system is based on "Spinin top" method. This apparatus was designed to (1) to (5). (1) Simple and Compact design. (2) Low price. (3) Cassete is Drum (In order to get Linear Pattern) (4) Measure of Short time exposure (1 msec) to Long time exposure. (5) Application With 10×12in. Film. Apparat; Dimensions : L×W×H=200×150×120mm. Shaft speed : 40rpm, 90rpm, 200rpm, 1,500rpm. Slit : 1.0×60.0mm (Max) Film : 10×12in.×1/4. At first, The film sets on drum. Then take exposure when the rotor turns. And the developed film shows two pattern, Abnormal or Normal. Result; It can be approved that the pattern shows X-ray exposure time, tube voltage wavefrom deformation about all of generators. Discussion : The device which we call a Linear is a simple and useful gadget, capable of providing a certain amount of information about the performance of an X-ray unit, without the need to dismantle or even unscrew any part of the set. Our useing Drum system is made Linear method. Therefore, the resulting method are easy to read with good resolution at the performance of an X-ray unit. It can be contribute to a short time exposure technic such as 1 msec to 1.5 sec.

抄録全体を表示

Visualization of 1 MHz ultrasonic burst pulse propagation around a crack in a glass sample is carried out by the

-photoelastic method to explore the propagation properties in the ultrasonic wave field under existing residual stress. Imaging results of ultrasonic wave are captured by the C-MOS camera and they were processed with integration, subtraction and normalization to enhance the contrast of the images. In the glass sample, the crack was introduced to make a distribution of static residual stresses. Residual stress was preliminary imaged by the commercial tint color strain detector to identify and to locate the distribution of stress. In the experiments for the ultrasonic wave propagation around the crack tip, wavefront was clearly visualized and its brightness was affected by the birefringence of residual stress. As the results, dynamic compressive stress by the ultrasonic wave was successfully visualized and illuminous in the static residual stress field.

抄録全体を表示

It is well known method that an exposure timer is examined with a spinning top and it also well known fact that we can find some density distribution on its patterns, respectively. The authors have developed a scope which has property of a constant rotating speed with a synchronous motor, and analyze the patterns comparing with oscillograms of X-ray tube voltage waveforms and fluorescence intensity waveforms taken simultaneously with the strobograms. X-ray atrobo scope; ^*1 & 0.5 mm lead slit, thickness 4 mm. ^*8×10 rotating cassette coupled with a synchronous motor. ^*180 RPM constant rotating speed. Result; It can be aproved that the pattern shows following high-tension phenomena, 1. Normal or abnormal pull in, pull out phase. 2. Sarge voltage, being or not. 3. X-ray intensity change during an exposure. 4. X-ray tube voltage waveform distortion. 5. Other abnormalities of X-ray generators. By means of this equipment, one working for a radiological department, can know easily such high-tension phenomena as surge voltage, X-ray intensity change and X-ray tube trouble etc which occur during an exposure, without any high-tension technique at all. It can contribute to a short time exposure technique such as 1 millisecond〜100 milliseconds.

抄録全体を表示

In this report, the phenomena on an oil column separation resulting from a sudden decrease of the pressure or a flow at the end of various pipeline systems are reported. The main contents are as follows: (1) The theoretical solutions for the occurrence limits of the column separation are derived. Agreement between the calculated values and the experimental ones is good. (2) The photographs of cavities formed by the column separation are taken, and the cavity behaviours are explained. (3) The pressure surge resulting from a collapse of the cavity also is recorded.

抄録全体を表示

Recently the x-ray apparatus has become highly atuomatic one and its operation has been simplified. FOR example, the mAs meter was removed and now mAs is pointed previously. In this case, radiographying time cannot be ascertained without check. Therefore, the author studies the most simple measurement of the time : he utilized a stand of grid sliding type which has been used for high-voltage radiography and deviced a simple measurement of the time based on the image of the slit of this stand. Furthermore, he examined the measurement with the image of fine line.

抄録全体を表示

In studies of fish behavior or the ecology of schooling fish and in estimating fish biomass, information on fish position and size are required. A method was designed for determining the position of fish in three dimensions using stereo photographs taken with an under water stereo camera system. From the obtained fish positions, the distance between fish and the camera, the size, aspect and bearing angles of fish in the field of view of the camera were calculated. The absolute errors in measurement using the present method are 0.75% for length and 0.77% for distance. The method can be successfully applied to fish with any aspect within the field of view of the stereo camera system.
The results suggest that in situ information on fish can be studied in detail using this technique.

抄録全体を表示

The -motion-analyzer is a newly developed device that can synchronously record and analyze both the video signal of the vibrations of the vocal folds and certain voice-related signals (VRS), including the voice signal, EGG, and subglottic pressure by using the flash signal to the strobolight of the laryngostroboscope as a trigger pulse.
Laryngostrobography is a method of recording and analyzing with the -motion-analyzer. It can order 128 fields of the vibratory images of the arbitrary transverse section of the vocal folds in time series as a single still image (Strobogram) superimposed with VRS.
The strobogram of vocal folds stiffened, for example by cancer, a postoperative scar, a cyst, or the like, is compared with that of the normal vocal folds.
The essential principle of vocal fold vibration is the traveling wave motion in the membranous portion of the vocal folds, whose wave crest travels continuously from the lower portion toward the upper potion of the vocal folds.
However, the traveling wave motion is greatly disturbed and changed into the standing wave motion when the vocal folds are stiffened.

抄録全体を表示

The mechanisms of the opening action in the nose part around the lickerin and the action of removing trash and fibers from the lickerin were analyzed, and the effects of the factors affecting these actions were examined.
With a wide nose-lickerin setting, a high lap-feeding rate, a slow lickerin speed or a large tooth angle of the garnet wire, the above-mentioned opening action was low. The lickerin speed varied the centrifugal force and affected the action of removing trash and fibers from the lickerin. Therefore, raising lickerin speed improved the cleaning action, rather than reducing the lap-feeding rate. The tooth angle of the garnet wire, too, had a bearing on the above-mentioned removing action; it is not advisable to increase the tooth angle.

抄録全体を表示

A method was designed for measuring the spatial position of an arbitrary point in the field of view of an underwater stereo camera system. The distance between camera lens and fish, the size of fish, the aspect angle of fish in the field of view of the camera, and the bearing angle of fish relative to the camera optical axis can be calculated with high accuracy by using this method.
In the future, by use of a combination system of the stereo camera system and an echo sounder, it will be possible to obtain the echo level of fish in the sound beam and the above information derived from the simultaneous stereo photographs. Thus, it is expected that accurate estimation of the in situ acoustic target strength of fish will be possible.

抄録全体を表示

大気が安定成層状態にある時,山岳あるいは構築物の上流側に"よどみ域"が発生する。このよどみ域の発生条件を風洞実験および,理論モデルにより検討した。
山岳あるいは構築物を二次元薄板障壁でモデル化し,温度成層をなす風洞中で流れの観察を行った。その結果,フルード数がある臨界値より小さい場合に,障壁上流側に気塊の動きの少ない,よどみ域が形成されることが確められた。
また,流れを非粘性,密度成層流とし,Perturbation法で解くことにより,フルード数による流れの変化を検討した。風洞実験の結果,よどみ域の発生する臨界フルード数Frxc=Uc/NHは障壁高さにほぼ比例することが明らかとなり,この結果は理論モデルの結果とも整合する。

抄録全体を表示