The goal of this research was to assess the performance of serum creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CKMB) [mass and activity], troponin I (TnI) and troponin T (TnT) in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit at Alia Institute, Amman, Jordan, between March and July 2001. Blood samples collected for cardiac enzyme determination (CK, CKMB activity) were stored at -20°C for later determination of CKMB mass [Abbott Axsym, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics (OCD) ECi and Roche Elecsys], TnI (Abbott Axsym) and TnT (Roche Elecsys). The relative index (RI = CKMB mass/CK), for CKMB mass measurements, was calculated. Clinical notes and/or discharge diagnosis for each patient were reviewed to obtain the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Fifty samples were from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Area under Receiver Operating Curve values were: CK 0.56, CKMB activity 0.72, percentage of CKMB activity 0.73, CKMB mass (Abbott) 0.76, CKMB mass (Roche) 0.77, CKMB mass (OCD) 0.78, RI (Roche) 0.83, RI (Abbott) 0.87, RI (OCD) 0.86, TnI 0.95, TnT 0.94. Sensitivity: TnI 88%, TnT 93%; specificity TnI 99%, TnT 99%. There was no significant difference in performance between TnI and TnT assays or between any of the CKMB mass measurements. Present results show that TnI and TnT are better cardiac markers than CK and CKMB, mass or activity.

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[Purpose] Obesity and hyperglycemia play roles in the impairment of pulmonary function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Low-intensity exercise is known to reduce body fat and improve hyperglycemia. The arm swing exercise (ASE), a low-intensity exercise, is easy and convenient to perform without any equipment and is suitable for daily practice. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of ASE on lung function and obesity in overweight T2DM patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four subjects continued their daily life routines for 8 weeks (control period), and then performed ASE for 8 weeks (30 minutes per day, 3 days per week) (ASE period). Pulmonary function tests were performed, and fasting blood glucose, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profiles, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (HSCRP), insulin concentration, and anthropometric parameters were measured before and after each period. [Results] After the ASE period, the forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration, and maximal voluntary ventilation were increased when compared with after the control period. HbA1c, a low-density lipoprotein, malondialdehyde, oxidized glutathione, and the percent body fat were significantly decreased when compared with after the control period. However, other parameters, such as lung volume, anthropometric parameters, and fasting blood glucose, insulin, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, total cholesterol and glutathione concentrations, showed no differences between the two periods. [Conclusion] These data suggest that there is improvement of pulmonary functions in T2DM patients after ASE training.

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[Purpose] This research aimed to investigate the relationship between aerobic capacity (VO_2,peak) and cardiovascular risk factors in normolipidemic and dyslipidemic Thai men and women. [Subjects and Methods] We recruited 104 dyslipidemic and 100 healthy participants. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for lipid and blood glucose levels. Anthropometry, blood pressure, and body composition were measured before exercise. Each subject underwent exercise testing to determine VO_{2, peak}. Heart rate (HR) was recorded throughout the exercise test. [Results] Dyslipidemic participants had a lower VO_{2, peak} than normolipidemic participants (p<0.01). In normolipidemic male participants, VO_{2, peak} was positively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and negatively correlated with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratios; in females, VO_{2, peak} was negatively correlated with age, total cholesterol, and LDL-C. In dyslipidemic males, VO_{2, peak} was positively correlated with HDL-C levels and negatively correlated with age, LDL-C and TG levels, and percent body fat; in females, VO_{2, peak} was positively correlated with resting HR and heart rate recovery and negatively correlated with age, TG/HDL-C, and waist circumference. [Conclusion] There was a relationship between aerobic capacity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in both normolipidemic and dyslipidemic participants. This relationship was affected by gender.

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