0.2ml/kg of aniline or 0.05ml/kg of nitrobenzene was injected daily subcutaneously to male adult rabbits. Each group of the experimental animals was killed respectively at every until the 12th week and pathohistological changes of the optic nerve were investigated employing the such staining methods as Marchi granules by Kuru myelin sheath by Sugamo, axis cylinder by Bielschowsky, haematoxylin-eosin by P.Mayer, macroglia by Cajal, glial fider by Weigert, glial cell by Alzheimer-Mallory, and azan. Changes occurred in the second week, showing Marchi granules and regressive Changes of the glial cell in both groups administered with aniline and with nitrobenzen. Afterwards, gliosis took place in the sixth week aniline gyroup, accompanied with degeneration of glial cells. The degenerative chabge was somewhat stronger in the nitrobenzen than in the aniline group. These atrophic glial cellswere always found in the nitrobenzene administered rabbits, even in the later stadium of poisoning. Changes in the myelin sheath became stronger and stronger according to the long term administration and demyelinization was seen at last. Lesions in the axis cylinder were found at the third by in the nitrobenzene group and at the third by in the nitrobenzene group and at the forth in the aniline group. Findingsin the mesenchymal tissufe in the early stadium of poisoning were perivascular round cell infiltration and those in the later stadium were hyperplasy of the septal connective and the advential tissues.

抄録全体を表示

Yokohama City University Medical Center was renovated in January 2000 and a total ordering system was established. To improve the dispensing work for injections, an automatic ampoule dispensing system, which picks up injections automatically according to an individual prescription, was introduced. We investigated the effectiveness of the automatic ampoule dispensing system regarding the progress of pharmaceutical services in medical wards.
We improved the automatic ampoule dispensing system twice after its initial deployment. The number of prescriptions for injections, inpatients, the time required for prescription printing, the time required for dispensing, the number of dispensing errors found and inquiries regarding the prescriptions were counted for 12 months.
After the first improvement, the dispensing time required was shortened by 25% by changing the manner of transmission of the prescription data. The printing time was shortened by 45% by employing a high-speed printer. The number of inquiries regarding prescriptions increased by eightfold with the saving of the time required for the dispensing itself.
The introduction of the automatic ampoule dispensing system was thus found to be useful in order to save time related to dispensing work and thereby improving the quality of pharmaceutical services for inpatients.

抄録全体を表示

Pneumonia and cardiac arrhythmias represent the most common life-threatening complications during delirium tremens. Electrolyte abnormalities are common underlying conditions in chronic alcoholics and they may further complicate the management of patients with alcohol-withdrawal syndrome or with delirium tremens. The authors present two cases in which the clinical picture of severe paralytic ileus complicating delirium tremens was closely associated with electrolyte status and postulate that the two were cause-effect related. A careful electrolyte supplement therapy guided by a strict monitoring of electrolyte balance and renal function proved to be particularly useful in successful management.

抄録全体を表示

The aim of this randomized, single-blind, active-controlled pilot study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of oral supplementation with Verbascox^®, a proprietary herbal extract capable of inhibiting human cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), in patients with mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Patients in the control group (n = 50) did not undergo any treatment (watchful waiting). Patients in the Verbascox^® group (n = 50) received oral supplementation (800 mg/day) with the herbal extract for 2 weeks. The final study group consisted of patients (n = 50) who received celecoxib, a known pharmacological inhibitor of COX-2, 200 mg/day for 2 weeks. Examining physicians and laboratory personnel were blinded to group assignment, whereas patients were unblinded. All participants were evaluated using standard measures of pain relief and improvement in functional capacity at baseline, after 1 week, and at the end of the 2-week treatment course. Moreover, serum levels of substance P (SP), a member of the tachykinin family of neuropeptides involved in pain perception, were measured at the three time points. Both Verbascox^® and celecoxib reduced pain, improved functional capacity, and lowered serum SP levels at 2 weeks compared with baseline, without significant inter-arm differences. Both Verbascox^® and celecoxib showed a limited number of treatment-emergent adverse events. In summary, oral supplementation with Verbascox^® (800 mg/day) in patients with mild-to-moderate OA of the knee is as effective and safe as a standard therapeutic dose of celecoxib in terms of pain relief and improvement in functional capacity after a 2-week treatment course.

抄録全体を表示

Many papers have been reported on the daily unit commitment problem so far. But, as the load pattern is different from that of week-day, daily unit commitment method is not directly applicable to the weekly unit commitment problem. In this paper, an efficient method for the weekly thermal unit commitment schedule with various constraints is presented. As weekly unit commitment is a complicated and time consuming problem, a simple and efficient technique is required for the practical applications. Using an appropriate initial operating schedule by Dynamic Programming, an iterative approach which simply needs a few iterations is proposed. A multi-stage screening algorithm is developed to deal with five constraints, that is, unit's minimum up time, minimum down time, loading rate limit, fuel consumption and spinning reserve requirements.
Numerical examples obtained by a personal computer show the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of computing burden and accuracy. The propriety of the obtained weekly unit commitment schedule is also discussed.

抄録全体を表示

Au sujet de la gestion de la santé des dirigeants de PME, nous avons analysé les résultats obtenus par les recherches effectuées conjointement par la France et Le Japon. En comparaison avec les dirigeants français, la corpulence des dirigeants japonais est moins élevée. Moins de personnes souffrent de la solitude. Moins de personnes ressentent du stress. Le temps de sommeil est plus court et la durée de travail plus longue. La satisfaction professionnelle est quant à elle plus basse. En comparaison du grand public, elle est nettement plus élevée, mais si l’on compare la satisfaction à celle des dirigeants français elle est plus basse. Le risque d’épuisement professionnel est supérieur au Japon. La santé mentale ainsi que la condition physique sont inférieures à celles des dirigeants français. Un sommeil de mauvaise qualité se répercute sur la bonne forme durant la journée et se traduit par des difficultés à demeurer éveillé et un manque d’enthousiasme pour faire ce que vous avez à faire. Chez les dirigeants, la composante clé à surveiller est la durée de sommeil, source de somnolence.

抄録全体を表示

Nine typical Duchenne type PMD patients and much the same aged normal 9 children had carried out exercises of flexing their right elbows, pulling up the 1/2 weights of their 1 repetition maximum power—100 times every day for 4 weeks. Their ergograms were checked on every - and they verified that the increased proportions of the 1 R. M, of the pulling up frequency, of the total height and of the fatigue quatient in the cases of PMD patients were more than those of normal children.
After 4 weeks rest of the exercise their ergograms showed that the decreased proportions of the 1 R. M and the pulling up frequency in the PMD patients were almost in same degree as of normal children, while the fallen off rates in the total of pulling up heights and in the fatigue quatient of the formers were more remarkable than those of the latters.
Consequently it is concluded that the muscular endurance of a PMD patient is conspicuously increased by the exercise and is markedly decreased by a rest of the exercise.
Searching for the upper limit of the increase in the muscular endurance by exercises and the most adequate exercising time and hardness still remain as the problems of future.

抄録全体を表示

In order to investigate the efficacy of low power laser therapy to the rehabilitation of hemiplegia, we conducted a study to irradiate the low power laser (10mw, 780nm) to the top of fingers amd toes of 100 hemiplegia patients (36 cerebral hemorrhage, 46 cerebral infarction, 8 cerebral thrombosis, and 10 subarachnoid hemorrhage, 58 male and 42 female, 42-71 years old) for a short time (10-30 seconds/point, 3-5 minutes in total) every day during their rehabilitation hours and continued for 8 weeks recording their data of recovery at every .
We found that the recovery speed of concerned patients 2 times quicker than the group of 35 hemiplegia patients who received conventional physical therapy as a control.
This study suggests that the application of low power laser to the rehabilitation of hemiplegia patients could be one of safe and effective help for their early comeback to normal lives.

抄録全体を表示

New software has been developed which can simulate the appearance of the moon and the sun. By inputting the latitude of the place and the date of observation, this program can give the exact shape of the moon and the position of the sun as they are actually seen. Using this software, teaching materials have been produced for use in Japanese schools which are now established all over the world. These schools are often provided with textbooks prepared in Japan, but the actual shape and position of the moon and sun may vary greatly from the information provided in these books, depending on the point of observation. This software has also been used as a tool in the investigation work in science classroom.

抄録全体を表示