Of the 7,000,000ha of cultivated rice in Myanmar, submerged and deep- water areas account for 13.5% of the total area. Therefore, for cultivating submersion resistant varieties, the use of deep water- adapted cultural practices and/or the construction of drainage and flood protection infrastructures need to be undertaken to provide greater resilience from flooding especially in the delta region (Ayeyarwaddy, Bago and Yangon). The use of the cut-stem transplant method of rice production is practiced in
Zee
Pin and Ywa Houng villages (deep-water areas) situated in the Thanatpin Township, Bago Region. The method originated in
Zee
Pin village and was discovered accidentally when farmers observed root outgrowth from stem cuttings. At present, it is also practiced in Ywa Houng village in the Thanatpin Township. The seeds of the deep-water rice variety, Pawsan, are directly seeded in May after the start of the monsoon, and the elongated stems are cut at about 30cm above the soil surface in September when the seasonal water starts to recede. The stem-cut seedlings are about 100cm long and then, are brought by boat to the field where they are to be transplanted. Transplanting is done by women using wooden forks (
Kauk Side Doke), placed between the first and second elongated internodes, to place the cuttings. Harvesting occurs around mid-December. Although the farmers believe that the yield from such a method is superior to the direct seeding method, further investigations are required to gain a clearer understanding of the benefits of the former method.
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