The ability of Climacodon septentrionalis to immobilize and kill a mycophagous nematode (Aphelenchoides sp.) in vitro is described for the first time. Two isolates produced droplets (20–45 μm in diameter) that formed at the apices of tall, stalked, and branching secretory cells (700–

,500 μm tall). On % modified malt extract agar, nematodes became enveloped in the droplets, which restricted their ability to move and resulted in complete immobilization and death within several hours of contact. The rate of decomposition of the nematodes varied considerably, with most individuals persisting for weeks whereas others were degraded within several days and appeared to be colonized by dense hyphal growth. This study provides the first documentation of a non-agaricoid fungus producing secretory cells that are able to immobilize nematodes.

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We previously reported that orthostatic dysregulation (OD) was relatively common in normal young females and that the Schellong test was a useful, practical procedure in the diagnosis of this condition.
We carried out a survey and analyzed date from both the Yatabe-Guiford Personality test (Y-G test) and the Cornell Medical Index-Health Questionnaire (CMI) in 167 females aged 18 to 24 years (mean age =19. years). OD was confirmed in 38 and suspected in 32; the remaining were considered to be normal from the results of the Questionnaire for OD.
Of the 167 young females, 33 (19.%) were type A in the Y-G test, 38 were type (.%), 27 type C (16.%), 52 type D (31.%) and 17 type (10.%). Reports in the literature indicate that individuals with type and type Y-G results are apt to have mental and/or emotional “instability”. Of the normal subjects, 28 were type or type (28.%), of those with confirmed OD the number was 17 (44.%) and of those with suspected OD it was 10 (31.%). The difference between the normal subjects and those with confirmed OD was significant. Of 132 individuals with CMI types I and II 34 (25.%) were Y-G types and and of 35 individuals with CMI type III and IV 21 (60%) were Y-G types and .
These results suggest that there may be some correlation between OD and emotional and/or psychosomatic instability. Further studies on the practical implications of these testing procedures are necessary for the evaluation of individuals with OD.

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The gamma-ray spectrum and the conversion-electron spectrum are measured in the decay of the ^116mIn activity. Directional correlations are also measured for 818–1293 and 1097–1293 keV cascades. The M- mixing ratio δ, and the 0- mixing ratio μ_k are obtained for 818. keV +→2₁⁺ transition to be δ=−+0.26, and μ_k≤6.×10−

4

respectively. The

E

2

branching ratio

B

(

E

2

;

2₂

+→0_g⁺): (; +→2₁⁺): (; +→0₁⁺) is determined to be 0.0158:.0:5.86.

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The possibility of attenuation of microseismic waves due to the presence of an upward folding of the ocean bottom into the liquid is discussed in this paper. The upward folding of the ocean bottom has been idealized by means of an irregularity in the form of a rectangle intruding into the liquid and the evaluation of the displacement component at any point of the solid medium has been carried out in two stages. First, the change in the incident mode of the surface wave due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity has been determined, and second, the subsequent change of the resulting displacement components due to the termination of the liquid layer and the step change in elevation of the solid medium at the continental margin has been discovered. Finally, numerical calculation has been made to determine the attenuation of the microseismic waves of different periods due to the presence of the rectangular irregularity at the ocean bottom.

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A sample of [³H] tobrarnycin (5, 000 Ci/Mole) has been synthetized and incubated with
the bacterial ribosome and its subunits. The results obtained show that this antibiotic has
two types of binding sites. The primary one is probably responsible for the inhibition of
protein synthesis whereas the secondary one is probably related to the misreading and reading
tiirough of the messenger RNA.

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The phase diagrams of the Ni-Mo- and Ni-W- ternary systems in the region of less than 50mol% were constructed by thermodynamic calculation, based on the data obtained by thermodynamic measurement of the related materials. We found three ternary eutectic points and three or two ternary peritecto-eutectic points as follows:
:L (1365K, 71.5mol%Ni-6.0mol%Mo-.5mol%)=(Ni)++
:L (1355K, 62.5mol%Ni-.5mol%Mo-30.5mol%)=++
:L (1445K, 42.0mol%Ni-30.6mol%Mo-10.3mol%)=(Ni)+NiMo+
:L (1812K, 34.9mol%Ni-42.3mol%Mo-.mol%)+MoB=+
:L (1633K, 42.3mol%Ni-40.mol%Mo-17.3mol%)+Mo=+
P₃:L (1812K, 53.5mol%Ni-33.mol%Mo-12.mol%)+Mo=NiMo+
:L (1622K, 51.0mol%Ni-31.6mol%W-17.mol%)=(Ni)+W+
:L (1260K, 71.0mol%Ni-.0mol%W-.0mol%)=(Ni)++
:L (1291K, 65.mol%Ni-.mol%W-29.mol%)=++
:L (2115K, 23.mol%Ni-43.mol%W-33.mol%)+WB=+
:L (1657K, 48.9mol%Ni-33.mol%W-18.0mol%)+=W+
The calculated phase diagrams are expected to be useful for the development of new Ni-based heat-, corrosion- or wear-resistance alloys.

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The gamma-ray spectrum and the conversion-electron spectrum are measured in the decay of the Tb¹⁵² activity. The L-subshell electron lines of the 586. keV +→2₁⁺ transition are separated by the ion-free beta-ray spectrometer. The M- mixing ratio, , and the dimensionless ratio X of 0- mixing of the 586. keV transition are obtained to be ≤0.16 and 0.034≤X≤0.038, respectively. The branching ratio (; +→0_g⁺): (; +→2₁⁺): (; +→0₁⁺) is determined to be 0.023 : .0 : 5.6.

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This study aimed to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and/or plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC) producing Escherichia coli among dogs (n=428) in Turkey. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used to characterize genes encoding β-lactamase and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PCRs for virulence genes and phylogenetic groups were also performed. Cefotaxime resistant

. coli isolates were detected in 95 (.%) of the swab samples. Sequencing analysis results showed occurrence of various β-lactamase genes: bla_CTX-M-15 (62), blaTEM-

1b

(42), blaCMY-

2

(

22

), bla_CTX-M-3 (16), blaCTX-M-

1

(15), blaOXA-

1

(9) and bla_SHV-12 (3) alone or in combination. The most frequently encountered phylogenetic group was group

A₁

(35.

8

%), followed by group

D₂

(

22

.

1

%),

B

1

(15.

8

%),

D₁

(9.5%), A₀ (

7

.

4

%),

B2₂

(5.3%) and

B2₃

(

4

.

2

%), respectively. PMQR genes, aac(6’)-Ib-cr,

qnrS1

and qnrB10 were detected in 25.3, 10.5 and

1

.

1

% of the isolates, respectively. While all isolates were susceptible to imipenem and amikacin, resistance rates to non-β-lactam antibiotics ranged from 20.0% for tobramycin to 56.

8

% for tetracycline. The virulence genes were only detected in 34 (36.

2

%) of the isolates and this isolates carried single or various combination of virulence genes of iucD, papC, papE, f17a-A and eaeA. Four isolates were identified as human virulent pandemic CTX-M-15 producing

E

. coli clone O25

b

:ST131/

B

2

. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show fecal carriage of ESBL/pAmpC type β-lactamase producing

E

. coli isolates among dogs in Turkey.

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Gamma rays from the ⁵⁹Co(α, pγ)⁶²Ni reaction were observed in coincidence with protons at E_α= MeV. Lifetimes of excited states in ⁶²Ni were determined by the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The () values obtained for the 2₁⁺ and + states are in good agreement with the shell-model calculations with e_eff=., while (, 4₁⁺→2₁⁺) is much larger and (, 4₂⁺→2₁⁺) much smaller than the shell model values. Decay scheme of the states in ⁶²Ni up to .16 MeV are also discussed.

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Three new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, epigomisin O(), gomisin () and angeloylgomisin Q(26), were isolated from the fruits of Schizandra chinensis BAILL.(Schizandraceae), which are used as an antitussive and a tonic under the names of "Hoku-gomisi" in Japan and "Wu-wei-zi" in China. ) The structure of epigomisin O() was elucidated by correlation with known lignans, gomisins O() and N(). ) Oxidation of with KMnO_ in a mixture of % NaOH and pyridine gave compounds 3 and 5. Further oxidation of 3 with KMnO_ gave 5. Reduction of 5 with NaBH_ afforded deangeloylgomisin (6). The structure of gomisin () was elucidated by the same reaction to correlate with a known lignan, gomisin D(). 3) The cleavage of the methylenedioxy group on the aromatic ring with Pb(OAc)_ in dry benzene into diphenol was studied(19-→19-). The structure of angeloylgomisin Q(26) was elucidated by the use of the above reaction to correlate with 6.

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-Benzyl--chloro-5-mercapto-3 (H)-pyridazinone () was heated in ethanol under reflux for 10 hours to form concurrently , -dibenzyldipyridazo [, 5- : ', 5'-]-, -dithiin-, 6 (H, H)-dione (Ia) (57% in yield) and , -dibenzyldipyridazo [, 5- : ', 5'-]-, -dithiin-, 9 (H, H)-dione (IIa) (14% in yield). Assignment of the two products to the corresponding structures is established by their physico-chemical constants and chemical behaviors. The concurrent formation of the dipyridazo [, 5- : ', 5'-]-, -dithiin-, 6 (H, H)-dione and the -, 9 (H, H)-dione were observed in, not only heating -chloro-5-mercapto-3 (H)-pyridazinones (-3) in polar solvent, but warming -mercapto-5-chloro-3 (H)-pyridazinones (-6) in the presence of potassium carbonate in DMF. For the interpretation of the reaction, keto-thioketo carbenes as active intermediate species and a reversible interconversion among them are suggested on the basis of the fact that there was nonexistence of an equilibrium between the two compounds, such as Ia and IIa, under the reaction condition and a trapping keto-thioketo carbene species as -phenylimino-5-benzylpyridazo [, 5-d]-, 3-dithiol- (5H)-one (IVa) (14% in yield) along with the major products, (Ia) and (IIa), was furnished by warming with phenylisothiocyanate in the presence of triethylamine in dry benzene. On the contrary, participation of a reversible interconversion between Ia and IIa, to a considerable extent, with the concurrent formation of them in the case of benzylation of either Ib or IIb, by warming with benzylchloride in the presence of potassium carbonate in DMF at 80°, might not be neglected, because an attempted approach to an equilibrium between Ia and IIa in a similar reaction condition except the use of benzylchloride realized, whereas non-existence of an equilibrium between Ib and IIb in the similar reaction condition was observed.

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The effect of composition and controlled thermomechanical process parameters on the mechanical properties of HSLA steels is modelled using the Widrow-Hoff's concept of training a neural net with feed-forward topology by applying Rumelhart's back propagation type algorithm for supervised learning, using a Petri like net structure. The data used are from laboratory experiments as well as from the published literature. The results from the neural network are found to be consistent and in good agreement with the experimented results.

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As fluxing agent, fluorine is important to the properties of mold flux; however, it tends to cause serious environment and health problems. In this paper, the melting and heat transfer behaviors have been studied by using Single Hot Thermocouple Technique (SHTT) and Infrared Emitter Technique (IET). The results show that the melting temperature range of F-free mold flux decreases with the addition of / and contents; and the heat flux decreases with the increase of basicity and /, as well as the decrease of contents. The analysis of EDS and XRD show that and ()

8

are the two main precipitated crystalline phases in F-free mold fluxes, and the

Ca₁₁Si₄B₂O₂₂

is common and stable crystalline phase in the designed F-free mold fluxes system that shows the potential to replace

Ca₄Si₂O₇F₂

in the conventional F-containing mold fluxes. Besides, through the comprehensive comparison, Sample

E

(Basicity

1

.15,

Na₂O

7

.92,

Li₂O

1

.

97

and

B₂O₃

5.98) shows the closest performances with the benchmark conventional commercial mold flux and has the potential to be used for casting medium carbon steels.

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Brassinolide analogues, (R, 23R, 24R)-, 3α, , 23-tetrahydroxy--homo--oxa-5α-ergostan-6-one (24-epibrassinolide) (10) and (S, 23S, 24R)-, 3α, , 23-tetrahydroxy--homo--oxa-5α-ergostan-6-one (9), were synthesized from brassicasterol (3a) in five steps and with ca. 20% overall yield. The key steps are the direct formation of (, 24R)-3α, 5-cyclo-5α-ergost--en-6-one () from brassicasterol mesylate (3), the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of to (, 24R)-5α-ergosta-, -dien-6-one (6), and the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of the tetrahydroxy 5α-ergostan-6-ones and .

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The phase diagram of the Ni–W– ternary system in the region of less than 50 mol% was constructed by thermodynamic calculation based on the regular solution approximation. We found three ternary eutectic points and two ternary peritecto-eutectic points as follows:
: L(1622 K, 51.0 mol%Ni-31.6 mol%W-17. mol%)=(Ni)+W+
: L(1260 K, 71.0 mol%Ni-.0 mol%W-.0 mol%)=(Ni)++
: L(1291 K, 65. mol%Ni-. mol%W-29. mol%)=++
: L(2115 K, 23. mol%Ni-43. mol%W-33. mol%)+WB=+
: L(1657 K, 48.9 mol%Ni-33. mol%W-18.0 mol%)+=W+
The calculated phase diagram is expected to be useful for the development of new Ni-based heat-, corrosion- and wear-resistance alloys strengthened by .

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An unsupervised learning technique and an associative memory have been used for encoding weights by a special type of Petri network named Petri neural net for modelling the influence of alloying elements on the final property of the high strength low alloy steel. The combined effects of alloying elements for different strengthening mechanisms is predicted when weights and threshold values are chosen on the basis of metallurgical understanding. The technique is found to be effective to create an associative memory of input-output relations in unknown data sets so that the same can be subsequently be used as a predictive tool.

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Primarily from the point of view of improvement of yield strength due to additions of niobium, titanium and boron in HSLA steels, the experimental steels are divided into five classes. The data are then supplied for learning a Self Organising Map (Kohonen network). It is found that the network with six neurons possesses better capacity of prediction with unknown data. Another effort of clustering the steels according to its major strength contributing mechanisms is also made. But the capacity of the network to cluster unknown data is found to be rather poor and has failed to follow from the metallurgical principles. To avoid this limitation, Learning Vector Quantisation method is adopted to impart a certain amount of supervision in the learning process and it is found that the training pattern of the network attains a good convergence thereby leading to a good predictive ability.

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A boron treated copper bearing HSLA steel containing austenite formers like manganese and nickel, somewhat lower in amount than that in HSLA 100 variety of steel is chosen for the study. The role of thermomechanical processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the above steel has been investigated. Differential scanning calorimetric study is carried out for understanding the precipitation behaviour of copper in HSLA steel under the influence of boron. The microstructure of the experimental steel is found to consist of laths of martensites and bainite. MA constituents of ribbon like morphology are observed at the lath boundaries. Higher strength properties of the steel are attributed to the presence of finely distributed precipitates of copper and microalloy carbides.

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