in is very important. The way issues are handled affect profits, work environment, customers and society. It is crucial for the survival and the well-being of any organization. leaders have to be supported in this, and to acquire the ability and the skills to handle issues in a satisfying way for all stakeholders involved. They need competence. and can contribute to the education and to the support of leaders. ICT tools can be developed according to philosophical theory and to psychological empirical research on decision-making. Properly used in educationprograms, these tools can stimulate the acquisition of competence.

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Recently, a large majority of development, deployment and use of and (ICT) has been carried out by organisations. Because their behaviour has had strong influence over a wide range of people in the modern market economy and ICT can function as an amplifier of power imbalance, they have to carefully engage in activities of development, deployment and use of ICT and take their social responsibility regarding intentional as well as unintentional outcomes of the activities. As major providers of the technological architecture of the ICT-dependent society, they are expected to overcome nosism of them and to address and social issues caused by their development and use of ICT/ICT-based systems proactively. However, the fact that organisations operate in competitive markets often makes it difficult for them to develop an outlook appropriately. In order to get over the difficulty, correct understanding of ethics and corporate social responsibility is necessary, which requires reconsidering definitions and roles of organisations, the market economy, liberalism and capitalism from the social viewpoint.

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This paper focuses on the perspective of and technologies known as ethics. It discusses the foundation of ethics focusing on the work of Norbert Wiener which is then followed by an overview of the key definitions of ethics. This in turn leads to a discussion on the practical relevance of ethics for the strategists, developers and implementers of ICT. Three key issues of privacy, property and crime are considered from an standpoint.

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It is an ongoing trend that the current social platforms are becoming a perfect channel for a real unethical behavior, cyberbullying among digital native youngsters. Human beings are able to think and are capable of discerning the bad and the good; the morality of their acts. On the contrary, machines cannot think, but, could be programmed to detect no morally behaviors or reprehensible code of conducts? This review provides a new classifier that facilitates new methods of detecting cyberbullying patterns in computer-mediated social interactions, by identifying current problem scenarios and defining the set of values, linguistic implications, semantics, and psychological consequences.

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In systems, many of the questions of both ethics and benefit can be usefully considered in terms of levels and type of openness to be applied. In this paper, I examine both the implications of such choices, and also the benefits to be gained from choosing a more open path. Software licensing issues, protocols, data formats and customer relations are all considered through this lens.

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innovation aims at transforming frameworks, models, processes, or other elements related with activities in order to create value. Considering that IT is a key driver of transformation, the CIO is expected to play an important role in innovation. However, does the CIO actually make a significant contribution to it? This study indicates that the existence of the CIO has a positive impact on innovation and that this impact becomes clearer when the CIO has an executive position and is truly functioning in the role of CIO. In this paper, we present a three-layer model for roles of the CIO to explain the trend of a shift in roles from the CIO as Innovation Enabler to Innovation Driver and finally to Innovation Strategist. The data for the study has been primarily derived from the evaluation of CIOs by their employees through two web-based questionnaires and from self-evaluations conducted in interviews with 22 CIOs of relatively large companies in Japan.

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The term, “Industry 4.0,” introduced by the German government, evokes a new era or the so-called 4th Industrial Revolution. In order to catch up with the worldʼs industrial development trends, various countries have launched corresponding strategies to define their own meanings and terms for this fourth industrial revolution. Therefore, by comparing the major “Industry 4.0” strategies of Germany, China, and the United States, the present paper explores the effectiveness of a new lean operation model for Chinese manufacturing enterprises.

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An interview-based study of moral exemplars in the computing profession in the United Kingdom and Scandinavia reveals that moral excellence in the profession is not a unidimensional construct. There are at least two documented approaches to making moral concerns the center of one's career in computing, and almost certainly more than two. The PRIMES model of influences on moral excellence presented here (Personality, Integration of Morality into the Self, Moral Ecology, Skills and Knowledge) has implications for both practice and pedagogy.

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This paper mainly analyzes how a firm has the management assimilate into organization work processes by restructuring IT function using outsourcing approach. Knowledge integration and organization coordination theory are used to build a conceptual research model to investigate the transformation process of IT function driven by IT outsourcing in Digital China as a case study. Then results indicate that the firm can integrate the individual knowledge of the senior executives, managers/users and IT professionals across the firm into the organizational knowledge through building the favorable IT- organizational coordination, to effectively assimilate the into the organizational and decision-making processes.

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In the and (ICT)-dependent society/economy, ensuring and cultivating professional ICT human resources are critical for prosperity of organisations as well as society as a whole. What is required for the human resources is expertise of ICT and , skills to successfully develop and operate ICT-based systems and a professional outlook. They are expected to acquire such skills, knowledge and behaviour through well-designed educational programmes conducted in educational institutions and/or organisations. However, there are several obstacles to cultivating professional ICT human resources in Japan, which should be candidly recognised and appropriately addressed as soon as possible. The most important challenge for constructing a prosperous society in Japan is the rehabilitation of philosophy and ethics, which would enable us to make discourses on development and use of ICT and ICT-based systems.

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Focusing on Japanese companies, this paper discusses the human-related potential problems concerning security, which foreign companies may face in Thailand. The potential problems are predicted by using Hofstede's cultural dimensions. To evaluate the magnitudes of potential of the problems, a measure named Level of Potential (LoP) is adopted. The severity of each problem is calculated based on the results of an empirical survey conducted in Thailand. The practicability of LoP is examined. The relations between the conditions of the problems and the respondents' profiles of Japanese companies are tested statistically. It is proved that LoP can predict potential problems to a certain extent as far as Thai environment is concerned. The problem "Using previous company's confidential ." is found to be the severest. Japanese manufacturing companies are recommended to pay more attention to female employees because they tend to share easily, neglecting "Need-to-Know" principle.

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Most enterprises inducting lean production were confined by the innate limitations of existing production systems, which make it difficult to fulfill lean comprehensively. To solve this problem, the theory of lean design and management for the manufacturing enterprise lifecycle was proposed. First, the necessities of lean design were analyzed and its theoretical system was established; second, the principles, process, methods and tools for lean design was introduced. Techniques and theories such as lean production, facility layout, system simulation and simultaneous engineering were integrated to support the implementation of lean design and management; finally, a case study of a cold-rolling enterprise was analyzed.

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Digital used to be created mainly by humans, flowing between tangible computing devices connected by internal networks and the Internet. is now also being created from "things", remotely or worn, via the Internet of Things (IoT). By IoT, we mean the physical objects embedded with sensors and actuators that are connected, with wireless or wired networks, often via Internet Protocol (IP) (Chui 2010). Digital innovations are arising from the digitization of products and services. This study shows how leveraging the affordances of mobile innovation leads to data for new digital innovation for the firm (Yoo et al. 2010).

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For the utilization of women’s skills to be effectively promoted, women must be allowed to continue employment and to apply their abilities. In order for these measures operate effectively, it is essential to establish complimentary systems and culture. The prerequisite for establishing these systems and culture is an awareness that promoting active participation by women in the workplace is essential to securing a competitive advantage. Moreover the following is required: (1) First of all, recognize that women are composed of a diverse range of different individuals; and (2) Accept the diversity of women, or in other words adopt a stance of inclusion. IT is also a powerful tool for supporting the systems/cultures and measures described above. More effective use of IT facilitates handling of the circumstances of each and every individual in ways that better match their individual needs.

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When tablet PCs such as an iPad are used, instant innovation is empowered beyond user innovation as users could experiment, implement and personify new at the same instant. Its power exceeds that of open innovation. Instant innovation is dispersed in the users' industries by the following steps: 1. Simultaneously processing and integration of multiple pieces of into businesses, 2. User specialization, 3. Instant innovation by users, and 4. Dispersal of innovation on tablet PC as industrial cradle. Instant innovation caused with tablet PCs enhances experiment and the implementation of new . A power shift is undertaken by advanced media, which act as a tool for self-transformational innovation, while shifting power balances and changing winners. This power shift is enforced by an open-integral system instead of open innovation. The power shift by the tablet PCs has changed innovation paradigm by the following schemes: 1. Balance the problem of a trade-off between open system and integral system, and 2. Work tablet PCs as industrial cradle for upcoming industries.

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This research presents an investigation into the properties of the Autopoietic Viable System through a case study of X-corporation. X-Co. is No.1 in the convenience store industry. Through this study, we conclude that the activities of social autopoietic units and their chains produce viable systems. We will notice the meaning that Beer described that the heart of the enterprise is the human being.

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Since the mid-1990s, Internet has flourished around the world. Nowadays, many companies come to focus their attention on effectiveness of with diverse stakeholders using and (ICT). Rapid development and permeation of the Internet allowed people to use the interactive media for non- purposes in a convenient and comfortable manner. However, due to the widespread availability of ICT, the classic and new crimes of "cyberstalking" are reported very often. The versatility of the Internet has made it possible that new forms of cyberstalking are developed beyond traditional stalking. This paper examines how ICT transforms traditional stalking, and what characteristics cyberstalking has, focusing on gender and ICT in the first place. Furthermore, we also examine how ICT obfuscates the boundary between real space and cyber space. Hence, because social norms in real space can function as "social reality" imprinting people with specific norms, online communities have a certain kind of influence on people's formation of social norms.

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The rapid advancement of and (ICT) has made it possible to develop systems which provide flexible computing ability for organisations. Due to the improvement of infrastructure and the spread of the Internet, activities of organisations supported by ICT-based systems have exerted considerable influence on a wide range of stakeholders. Therefore, organisations, as members of society, have to take their social responsibility concerning development and use of ICT-based systems often in a situation in which conflict between values exists. In particular, they need to address the following problems with integrity to make development and use of ICT-based systems socially acceptable : assurance of quality of systems, assurance of data quality, preventive control of unintended consequences of system use, ensuring of security and handling of conflict in the global environment.

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