多姿勢対応における椅座位姿勢と座り直し動作の検証

ダイニングテーブルとダイニングチェアを対象とする

抄録

 The scientific study of the sitting postures was developed rapidly by Europe and America since 20th century, showing various practical standards. These practical standards are universally base on idea which considers standing posture as right posture.
 On the other hand, diversification of sitting posture on dining table/chair is occurring by the spread of LDK format in domestic houses. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the change of sitting posture on chairs.
 Meanwhile, sitting on a chair for a long time in specific posture causes bad influences on human body because of continuous pressure on specific part of body. It is known that scattering body pressure and contracting muscles, such as reseating actions are effective in preventing such bad influences.
 Base on above, this study defines ‘Various Sitting Style Adaptability’ as availability of reseating action and various sitting postures on chairs. The objective of this study is to clarify characteristics of sitting postures on chairs and reseating actions.
 This study is comprised of questionnaire survey, act observation survey, verification survey on contacting parts, supporting parts, and reseating actions. The results are as follows.
 Table 2 shows results of the questionnaire survey. States of each human body parts on sitting postures on chairs and contacting parts on reseating postures are clarified.
 Table 3, 4 and Figure 4 show results of the act observation survey. Elders had convergence tendency in sitting posture distribution, while non-elders had dispersion tendency.
 Figure 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 show results of the verification survey of contacting parts. In terms of relationship between table and arms contact, men had tendency of wide range and short time, while women had long time of specific part. In terms of relationship between sitting surface and femoral region, men and women had same tendency; the larger sitting surface, larger contact area of femoral region.
 Figure 17, 18 show results of the verification survey of support parts. Same for men and women, people contacted back part of support part with lower position, front part of support part with narrow distance.
 Figure 20, 21 show results of the verification survey of reseating actions. About the table, both men and women had tendency to contact part which is approximately 30mm away from edge. About the sitting surface, men contacted front part of sitting surface with wider width, while women had no correlation between contacting part and width of sitting surface. About the support part, both men and women had tendency to contact front of part with narrow distance.