In the recovery from the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi Earthquake, movable temporary housings were provided within victims’ private land for the first time in Japan. This study reveals recovery process and space utilizations focused on 3 households installed trailer houses in Atsuma Town and 4 households installed moving houses in Hayakita Morita district, Abira town. As results, it demonstrates the following characteristics of livelihood reconstruction using the movable temporary housings in victims’ private land: continuous and active space utilization, environmental transition located dispersive, and issues of matching between equity as public support and unique situation proceeding on each site.

This study investigated the composition and utilization of central common spaces, common cores, in five primary and lower secondary schools, folkeskoler, in Denmark. First, spatial and functional composition were examined by analysis of architectural drawings and on-site surveys. Next, interviews with teachers regarding the utilization of common cores were conducted. The common cores were considered places for growth, where pupils began with teacher-led learning and events and progressively learned to act autonomously and how to behave in social space. The characteristics of the five common cores were clarified by exploring the relationship between composition and utilization.

Public schools that functioned as evacuation centers during the Great East Japan Earthquake highlighted issues such as the unfavorable conditions of evacuation centers and difficulties in balancing school and evacuation center functions. This study reviews the evolution of the Guidelines for Designing School Facilities, which form the basis for school planning, and then analyzes the characteristics of newly constructed schools post the Great East Japan Earthquake that put strong emphasis on the role of evacuation centers. Furthermore, the study analyzes issues and strategies for schools with aging buildings, which constitute 70% nationwide, clarifying the planning requirements for future school development.

This study explored problems related to the residential environment of technical intern trainees and ways to improve it. As a result, cases of violations of the accommodation regulations in the technical internship system and the Building Standards Law were identified. One of the reasons is relevant organizations, which are in a position to protect the human rights of them, aren’t fulfilling their roles adequately. It is necessary to strengthen the functions of the Organization for Technical Intern Training for Foreigners, tighten the screening process for accreditation, and impose stricter penalties on supervisory and implementing organizations that are committing violations.

We developed a method for measuring a pedestrian trajectory using a depth camera, which provides both infrared and visible light images. From these first-person view images, a SLAM technique generates the three-dimensional map around the camera and estimates the position of the camera using the map. We apply this method to measure the trajectory of a pedestrian avoiding an object, and the result gives a reliable walk trajectory and a detailed map including the object shape. We also measure two-pedestrian passing each other and show that this method can simultaneously measure the trajectories of multiple pedestrians.

The study established the definition of a Japanese room through a questionnaire survey of students and clarified the image of Japanese rooms based on students’ differences in experience in. The research also demonstrated that students with experiences in Japanese room with a few components and those with no experience in them had a significant tendency not to live in a house with Japanese rooms in the future.

This study focused on the Sanbonzuka district of Wakabayashi Ward, Sendai City, which was damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake and designated as a local reconstruction area. In the Sanhonzuka district, joint spatial management has a major influence on the formation of local communities. This can be said to be the result of applying the experiential knowledge accumulated within the residents to community development.

In this research, we focus on traditional dwellings in traditional Chinese villages. Using Taoyuan Village in Qimen County, Huangshan City, Anhui Province as a case study, we conducted field surveys and interviews to understand the current situation of dwellings in the village. By comparing the characteristics of inhabited traditional dwellings and vacant dwellings, we identified the current housing problems faced by traditional dwellings. Additionally, through case investigations of the transformation and reuse of traditional dwellings in the village, we explore whether such efforts have practical effects on the sustainable development ofthe village.

This study clarifies residential consciousness for flood risk and risk avoidance by Urban Facility Location Plan. Toyohashi had serious flood disaster on June 2, 2023. In high-risk districts historically, risk consciousness by residents is higher and about 40% of houses are raising their sites. But risk consciousness hasn’t infiltrated almost all residents. Whilst some districts weren’t designated as Residential Inducing Area (RIA) by flood risk, its effect isn’t found clearly from comparison of building certification data between before and after. It is serious issues that over 90% of all district residents don’t know the designation of RIA.

In recent years, the use of woody biomass energy attracts attention as a solution for mitigating climate change and preventing natural disasters by forest management. However, the areas where woody biomass should be utilized are unconfirmed owing to the lack of a resource supply system in non-timber production areas in Japan. Thus, the aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of zoning by designing zones from the viewpoints of economic, environmental, and disaster prevention factors. The results showed that the zoning methodology in this study can support planning comprehensively considered economy, environment, and disaster prevention.

The orientation of Machiya townhouses may vary from one settlement to another, and furthermore, there is a tendency for Machiya houses to decrease in number year by year. Therefore, there is an urgent and comprehensive need to understand the situation of Machiya clusters in each region. This study focuses on Machiya houses in Niigata Prefecture. And bases on data from previous research, selects 105 settlements with 10 or more Machiya houses. These selected settlements serve as the subjects of this study to elucidate the current status of Machiya houses and their external architectural features.

The purpose of this study is to clarify which cities in Bavaria are affected by the installation of PV on their urban areas and agricultural landscapes, and to show the possibility of further expansion in the future. The following two points are obvious. First, rural areas between Munich and Nuremberg and rural areas at the entrance to Bavaria have a high PV installation rate and a high amount of PV electricity per capita. Second, there will be a change in the amount of PV electricity in 2023, with an increase in PV installations biased toward either buildings or farmland.

This study used medical receipt data to clarify the actual situation and utilization distance of medical institutions for the elderly who need discharge support based on the secondary medical area.

1. Most of the hospitals outside the area where the subjects used for hospitalization were advanced treatment hospitals that were not available in their own areas and small and medium-sized hospitals with specialized and care-mix functions that were in the subjects’ community living area and accessible within about 10 kilometers.

2. The Gini coefficient for each secondary medical area ranged from 0.39 to 0.47.

This paper aims to estimate the amount of demand for day service facilities and appropriate supply incorporating market equilibrium conditions. The capacity sufficiency rate is used as a judgment index of market equilibrium. An estimation method is proposed to calculate the new supply amount with the utilization and capacity sufficiency rates as the policy parameters based on estimated number of care-need person and service users. The number of care-need person and service users will peak in 2040 and then decline. Appropriate new supply will taper off after 2020 and the market capacity will contract after 2040’s.

This study targeted child-rearing households and their parents’ households living nearby, and clarified the communalization of their lives in terms of mutually-supportive lifestyles and child-rearing support. It uses a questionnaire survey and case study by home visits, and focused on the influence of the household members’ time distance and gender roles.

The lives of adjacent parent-child households have been communalized by mainly women of both households regarding child-rearing support. The shorter time distance caused more frequent visits, grandmothers babysat their grandchildren and lives have been daily communalized. It also identified a multi-layered network of mutually-supportive lifestyles with multiple parent-child households.

The previous paper discussed the structures of 18 mountain monasteries at Hieizan-Enryakuji during the Tokugawa period. This paper discusses three renowned monasteries, Nankōbō, Shougaku-in, and Nichizou-in. Nankōbō burnt down in 1833. A comparison of the blueprints of Shougaku-in and Nichizou-in, planned as the replacements for Nankōbō, reveals Nankōbō’s role as a villa of Rinnōji-miya, the prince who ruled the whole of Tendai Buddhism through the Tokugawa period, including the requested rooms and the zoning according to the status of the users. Rich information in the blueprints has helped elucidate the everyday activities of the mountain-dwelling religious community in that period.

This paper considered Takeo Satow’s “basic orientation” through his Meteor, Graduation Design, and his discourse.

Takeo Satow’s early works, such as “Athletic Club,” “Department Store,” and “Parking Building,” have distinctive designs that emphasize vertical and horizontal lines and can be said to have been influenced by Expressionism.

Regarding his basic orientation, three points of commonality with Imai Kenji’s assertions were confirmed.

1. He does not consider architecture to be his own art.

2. Architecture is made up of mathematical analysis and scientific constructs.

3. Architecture is built on the lives of all people.

This paper analyzes the diffusion method and the actual situation of construction of Kume’s Earthquake Resistant Timber Framed Structure. After coming back to Japan, Kume firstly demonstrated earthquake resistance of his theory through using his personal connections, and secondary Kume advertised it by using mass media. In the construction specification of works, dimension and fixing method of each member of framed structure, and materials of exterior wall were instructed. The composition of framed structure and roof construction, materials of exterior wall, and erection procedure of Nikko Kanaya Hotel Annex (1935) were constructed with basing on his theory.

This study focuses on designs featuring multiple territories within a single room in contemporary Japanese houses. The purpose of this study is to analyze the methods used to create a relationship between the territories in a single room and the territories that are related. The methods are categorized and their chronological transition are analyzed. Similarly, the territories are categorized and their chronological transition are analyzed. Finally, the results of both analyses were combined to examine the overall changes in the designs featuring multiple territories within a single room, and the transition of architectural design concepts in the postwar period.

This paper aims to clarify the representations of the published floor plan drawings by Kazuo Shinohara. They show various expressions between publications, known as it turned to the abstract way in the 1970’s. We first checked his publications throughout his career, and found in which publication he used a different version of plan drawing from former publications. Secondly, representations of plans are classified based on their contents and ways of abstraction, and changes in expressions between different plans are analyzed. We made it clear how the plans had changed in time.

This study considers the former Kobe mixed residential areas, specifically the Kitano-cho and Yamamoto-dori areas, wherein many foreigners working in the former foreign settlement resided, to confirm the impact of the World War 1 on landholding by foreigners. This war led to the closure of foreign trading firms in the former foreign settlement. However, in the Kitano-cho and Yamamoto-dori areas, some foreigners managed to maintain their landholdings against confiscation by the Japanese authorities. Moreover, there were foreigners starting new businesses and buying or building properties. Thus, the Kitano-cho and Yamamoto-dori areas became strongly characterized as residential areas for foreigners.