抄録
Objectives
In this study, we focus on the space having features in the height direction and the behavior of the infant occurring on the spot. Further, we tried to grasp the meaning and value of space from the viewpoint of cross section including the viewpoints of ecology and psychology. Then, this study aims to clarify the relationship between humans and the environment.
Background and purpose of the research project.
Recently, various nursery spaces have been provided, and a space for children to climb high places such as a playground equipment, a void, loft and the like has been proposed. Already the distance and spatial cognition of the communication at the plane perspective has been studied. But, the studies included the sectional [or vertical] consideration of the space is not sufficient. Particularly the study for children is less. In a space provided at a high place, a field of view different from the one-floor space is provided, and some kind of behavior is caused by the information, and it is possible that the relationship with others also changes accordingly. The change of perspective due to the body movement of children is less than adults so the environment may play a role in the change of perspective. Therefore, it should be considered a three-dimensional spread in children's environment.
Methodological approach
It was subjected to behavior observation of the exchanges scene in 4 childcare facilities in order to grasp the reality of behavior in planned space by the cross-section.
The observed scenes are materialized and analyzed. The shape consists of four elements of the seeing distance, the horizontal distance, the sectional distance and the angle. This analyzes the relationship between section space and children's behavior.
Main findings
As a result of behavioral observations, there were 157 cases of behavior from high position, 11 cases of behavior to the same height, and 16 cases of behavior from low position. Much of behavior is behavior from the upper level, and the look over view from above is characteristic behavior.
When every shape of children's behavior was compared, it showed that the horizontal distance, the vertical distance and the angle has influence on behavior. Analyzing an element of the shape, we have shown that the relationship between behavior in sectional composition and ecological psychology (visual character).
In this study, we focused about relationship of space and behavior, children's behavior at sectional space is classified into 6 elements. As a result of behavioral observations, there were cases where the shape differs depending on the characteristics of the space even with the same behavior.
Conclusions
Tends to be associated with behavioral and human visual features (bird's-eye view and elevation) was appeared in the discussion at the cross section.
Bird's-eye view at a high position gives the spread view, it has become easier to understand the presence of others by visible, and then it will trigger the communication. It'll be something to contribute to an architectural planning from the aspect where it's new to consider including the horizontal distance, the vertical distance and the angle, not the distance between the persons. In this study, we discussed about the children, but it is possible to carry out evaluation of the space intended for the adults.
