積雪寒冷地の超高層建築物におけるガラスカーテンウォール仕様に関する研究

抄録

 In recent years, Glass Curtain Wall is often adopted as the exterior finish of a fireproof building that is built in a city area. There are many cases that are more disadvantageous than other CW in the prevention of insulation and dew condensation performance because most parts are made of glass in GCW. When adopting GCW in snow cold districts where an external condition (falling snow, cold, strong wind) is significant, it is important that we have effective insulation and dew condensation prevention to contribute to energy saving.
 As a preliminary investigation, this study examines a tendency and problems that can occur while investigating real GCW adoption frequency, each part specification, and the presence of dew condensation in Sapporo city. After that, we gradually show the constitution pattern of specifications to have the performance of insulation and dew condensation prevention in each main snow cold district from findings. And we arrange it as the basic specifications that can be referred to when adopting GCW.
 From the investigation results, we knew that adopting pair glass on vision of GCW in Sapporo was beneficial. However, the settlement and specifications of the spandrel were not established. And it was found that a design supervisor and builder almost always ended up deciding the specifications. It is thought that it is important to improve the settlement of the spandrel part when considering the actual situation can occur. For example, when insulation materials such as urethane foam are not used, unevenness of the air blast thickness, and dew condensation harm concentrates on a spandrel part.
 Then, we set simulation models and aim performance and check an insulation and the dew condensation performance that each part CGW specification has, in reference to frequent GCW constitution patterns at the time of an investigation. In addition, we narrow down specification combination patterns in each place that secured the aim performance.
 As a result, the GCW specifications that almost secured the performance of insulation and dew condensation prevention of the aimed vision part are as follows:
 Sapporo (I, II area classification): Insulation sash shape +Low-E pair (A12)
 Aomori, Nagano (III area classification): Insulation sash shape + pair (A12) or non-insulation sash shape +Low-E pair (A12)
 Sendai (III area classification): Non-insulation sash shape +Low-E pair (A12)
 Toyama, Matsue (including Tokyo, IV area classification): Non-insulation sash shape + pair (A12)
 The insulation performance of the spandrel can secure aim performance by giving a necessary insulation material thickness in all areas. Because dew condensation prevention performance depends on construction timing and settlement related to the airtight performance, it is difficult to establish its superiority as specifications. It is effective to construct at the time when specific humidity of seal air is low, like winter season with tightening air leakage completely from the inside.
 On the other hand, only using specifications and the combination of each material, it is extremely difficult to secure the final performance like the dew condensation harm of the spandrel part. Quality control of material management and construction precision at the construction timing is indispensable. Not only does GCW have dew condensation and insulation prevention which contributes to the energy saving, but also it is useful in that it provides comfort and health, that are the main aim of the buildings. It is necessary to overcome problems which arise at the same time while referring the combination of GCW patterns which this study showed. Besides, we have to strive for favorable GCW specifications while dealing with having the load restraint (sunlight shielding performance) in the air conditioner.