THE FORMATION OF THE NOTION ON “OPEN VERANDA” (“EMPER TERBUKA”) BY FRIEDRICH SILABAN

Abstract

 This paper aims to examine the formation of Friedrich Silaban’s notion of the “open veranda” (“emper terbuka”). Using descriptions extracted from Silaban’s reports of his journeys to Japan (1954), India (1954), and the United States of America (1957), unpublished and published articles (1950s-1960s, 1982), we analyzed the formation of this “open veranda” into three periods: 1954-1957, 1950s-1960s, and 1970s-1980s. Silaban’s notion of the "open veranda" is the reorganization of the subject in Indonesian traditional houses and modern architecture. At the final stage, this notion has a dual character that reflects the unique subject of Indonesia and the universality simultaneously.