農家の文化的景観の保全により得られる環境緩和効果に関する研究

－愛知県稲沢市祖父江町山崎地区の屋敷銀杏と銀杏畑を事例として－

抄録

 The purpose of this study was to clarify the environmental effects obtained by preserving the cultural landscape of Aichi Prefecture, Inazawa-city, Sobue-cho, Yamazaki District, a rural community in the suburbs where agriculture and lifestyle culture are closely related, and where the landscape is formed and characterized by Ginkgo Trees. A survey was conducted on farmers' attitudes toward yashiki ginnan and ginkgo fields, and the thermal environment was observed. The results are summarized below.

 ・The rural community environment in which Ginkgo Trees are distributed in a mosaic pattern provides residents with a refreshing feeling, and the farmers who preserve the yashiki ginnan feel that they are useful as a windbreak in the summer.

 ・The farmers do not get tired of seeing the Ginkgo Trees each year which have always been a close presence, and they feel the changes of the four seasons through them and acknowledge the very landscape created by nature as the charm of the community. On the other hand, a decrease in the number of yashiki ginnan and opinions against their preservation demonstrate a fading awareness towards the preservation of yashiki ginnan. Reasons for this involve the aging of the trees, loss of commercial value, and the rebuilding of the yashiki, (residence) along with problems in consideration of neighbors including smell and management of fallen leaves.

 ・The cool island intensity of yashiki ginnan and ginkgo fields are shown to be 1.9 ℃ stronger at the maximum temperature than the artificial environment without ginkgo trees, forming a cool island.

 ・In addition to their traditional role as windbreaks and firebreaks, the Ginkgo Trees also provided refreshing feelings and produced a cooling effect in the summer. The yashiki ginnan and ginkgo tree fields proved to have environmental value and be well received as a result of a continuous agricultural lifestyle.