The aim of this study is to present a model for urban housing by investigating the dwelling style in which various facilities for daily living are linked; we did so based on an investigation of the residential use of GOSIWON(Quasi-housing) in Seoul. We attempted to clarify the current distribution of GOSIWON in Seoul, the living conditions in GOSIWON, and their locational characteristics in GOSIWON-dense areas. First, we intended to confirm the changes in the distribution of GOSIWON in Seoul. Second, we classified the scale of GOSIWON in Seoul. Third, we examined the type and distribution of GOSIWON in GOSIWON-dense areas with respect to regional characteristics.
We undertook the following steps. (1) Using data related to GOSIWON by Seoul Metropolitan Fire & Disaster Headquarters, we confirmed the overall situation regarding GOSIWON in Seoul since 2010 to 2015. (2) To determine the scale of GOSIWON there, we analyzed the registration information of buildings containing GOSIWON. We categorized the type of GOSIWON by comparing the total floor area of the building (data obtained from ledgers) with the area of the GOSIWON. (3) To assess the characteristics of GOSIWON-dense areas in Seoul, we used a list of GOSIWON and created a distribution map. With that, we were able to confirm the location of GOSIWON-dense areas. We clarified the characteristics of such areas by comparing the distribution and the type of GOSIWON from step 2.
The number of GOSIWON in Seoul increased more than 1.5 times over a 5-year period starting in 2010. There was an increasing trend in all 25 districts of Seoul; however, the concentration in Gwanak-gu, Dongjak-gu, Gangnam-gu, Dongdaemun-gu, Seodaemun-gu, and Yeongdeungpo-gu was particularly conspicuous. The situation was similar in Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, but there were large-scale GOSIWON in Noryangjin-dong, Dongjak-gu. We also confirmed that there were more facilities dedicated exclusively to GOSIWON in Noryangjin-dong than in other areas.
In Sillim-dong, which has the largest number of GOSIWON, facilities with GOSIWON of the same size were widely distributed. In Noryangjin-dong, facilities for exclusive use of GOSIWON of various sizes and combined facilities were densely distributed in a relatively small area. By contrast, Yeoksam-dong and other areas were unlike Sillim and Noryangjin-dong in that a relatively small number of large GOSIWON were broadly distributed.
In GOSIWON-dense areas, there were no significant differences in the private space in GOSIWON, but there were differences in the shared spaces within GOSIWON. Notably, in Noryangjin-dong, there were many GOSISAENG (examinee of public employee examination); they had study spaces in addition to common areas, such as a kitchens and toilets.
We next intend to examine the actual use of regional facilities related to daily life. Our aim is to clarify the use of GOSIWON by residents of GOSIWON-dense areas.
