抄録
In the process of designing evacuation routes, characteristics of human behavior in smoke must be considered according to the principle of fail-safe. The objective of the current study is to investigate the tendency of escape direction of occupants and the velocity of ambulation in smoke. This experiment was conducted under the assumption that subjects had no information on walking routes. The smoke filled in the laboratory had no toxicity. As a result, following findings have been obtained. (1) In smoke with the normal lighting, subjects tend to go straight ahead at the crossroad, but in smoke without lighting they tend to grope for the exit and turn the corner. (2) The velocity of ambulation in smoke depends rather on intencity of lighting than on property of subjects. With normal lighting the velocity is about 0. 8-1.0 m/sec, with emergency lighting 0.4-0.8 m/sec, and with no lighting 0. 2-0. 3 m/sec. (3) With lighting there is great individual difference of velocity and it depends somewhat on property of subjects, but without lighting subjects tend to grope for the exit along the wall, thus the variance of velocity is rather small.
