抄録
This paper, taking Futsuka-machi, Tozan-Nakaokutama Village, Iwai District in the area of Sendai clan as an example, clarifies the historical process of the formation of the town belonging to the countryside in Tohoku area in the Edo period through an analysis of the town form and its historical materials. This town originated in a late medieval small castle town which had been founded under a fort, and this restricted its reconstruction in the early Edo period (about 1639). Features of this reconstruction are as follows ; (1) Machikonoshn who were the habitants of Machiyashiki (townhouse) established their own community, and reconstructed the town by themselves. Particularly they built a streight street which had a L-shaped bend at the south end of the town. This arrangement arised from their consciousness of the regularization of Mchinami (townscape on a street). (2) On the east side of the street lined Machiyashiki, and on the west was the huge farmhouse, originated in Zaike (a type of medieval farmhouses), which didn't belong to the town community. Such difference of dwelling places on each side of the street had been succeeded since the late medieval ages. (3) The area of Machiyashiki is of a small scale as compared with others in this village, and its frontage was divided almost equally. However the habitants had large differentials in landholding. This is one of the characteristics of the townplanning in Tohoku area in the early Edo period.
