中国における義務教育資源の分配政策に関する研究

安徽省における実態分析を中心として

抄録

This study used Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to clarify the situation and distribution trends of compulsory educational resources in Anhui Province, based on a perspective of the balanced development of compulsory education. DEA was developed in 1978 as a method to evaluate the efficiency of a non-profit public that is a multi-input-multi-output system. In this case, input and output items were enacted by the demand for balanced development, in which the input items were the same as the certified items of “basically balanced developed county,” and the output items were the reciprocal of total coefficient of variation and school enrollment ratio. During the analysis, it was found that the distribution of compulsory educational resources in Anhui Province follows three trends: (1) The total amount of introduced educational resources is small; (2) The efficiency of resource distribution is low; (3) The efficiency of resource distribution tends not necessarily to be positively correlated with the level of economic development of each county. Therefore, three points are proposed to make educational resource distribution more balanced: (1) Identify the actual condition of increasing or decreasing returns to scale in each county; (2) Increase the mobility of teachers and improve the teacher evaluation system; and (3) Formulate an elaborate resource distribution policy based on the actual situation of each county.