抄録
In this paper, the author examines whether or not there is an infringement of personal rights against
those who use avatars, focusing “Virtual YouTuber (VTuber)” as examples. VTuber is a person who posts videos or live-streams on the Internet appearing as a CG avatar not her or his living body. While the popularity of VTubers has exploded in recent years, there have been a number of cases of slander, libel, and invasion of privacy against VTubers.
However, since VTubers usually do not disclose their real faces or real names, if they are regarded as “online personalities” or “people in virtual space” that are not connected to real people, they may not be adequately protected from such infringements. Based on the court cases currently available to the public, the author proposes legal theories that better fit the reality of VTubers and their listeners. First, I discuss the issue of whether slander against a VTuber can be attributed to the person behind the avatar.
Second, I discuss whether the target of the slander can be identified as a specific person in real life.
https://ror.org/01w6wtk13 
