抄録
Japan and South Korea achieved remarkable economic development in the last 40-50 years through technological transfer from developed countries and exports of manufactured goods. The high economic growth of these two countries was accompanied by the unbalanced growth between the agricultural sector and the industrial sector; the comparative disadvantage of the agricultural sectors of these countries compared with EU and USA proceeded, while imports of agricultural products increased as market liberalization progressed.
In this article the following 4 points were discussed.
Firstly, the development mechanism of paddy field agriculture in the two countries in the process of rapid economic development was analyzed, and some empirical laws were pointed out.
Secondly, major factors, which expanded agricultural imports in the process of internationalization and globalization, were examined, and an agricultural import function was estimated. It was found in Japan's case that contribution of income increase was largest followed by the decrease in international prices of agricultural products.
Thirdly, the contents of agricultural protection reduction in Japan and Korea, which were carried out under the WTO agricultural agreement, were examined. The OECD evaluation of the agricultural protection of these two countries was also discussed.
Fourthly, the recent movement of Chisanchishou (consumption of locally produced agricultural products by local inhabitants) in Hyogo Prefecture was examined as one of the moves of localization under the progress of globalization.
