2021 年 1 巻 1 号 p. 1-12
The ocean economy has become the focus of the world since the 21st century, and offshore oil and gas have become important strategic energy due to the depletion of onshore energy. Many countries conducted various research to accelerate the development and utilization of offshore resources. The development of the offshore oil and gas industry has undergone a long period and experienced a leaping breakthrough from coast to shallow water and deep-water. In addition, the production of offshore oil and gas has increased greatly. In this paper, the development history of the offshore oil and gas industry is reviewed in terms of time, water depth, and production. Then, the development of offshore oil and gas exploitation technology and relevant equipment is demonstrated. After that, the challenges of offshore oil and gas development are indicated. Finally, the overall development trend of the oil and gas industry is summarized that deep water, intellectualization, and gas hydrates are the future focuses. The work of this paper has a certain value for people to understand the development history and the prospect of the offshore oil and gas industry.
