抄録
With the increasing global demand for efficient and sustainable agriculture, soybean, as a crucial economic crop, plays a key role in the food, feed, and industrial sectors. This paper systematically summarizes recent research progress in soybean production, focusing on genetic improvement and molecular breeding, pest and disease control with biotechnology, precision agriculture, and intelligent management, as well as environmental adaptation and sustainable development. The study highlights the applications of genomics, molecular marker technology, and CRISPR/Cas9 in cultivar development, analyzes integrated pest and disease management strategies combining traditional and biological control methods, and evaluates precision agriculture models supported by sensors, drones, remote sensing, big data, and artificial intelligence. Furthermore, it provides an in-depth discussion on soybean nitrogen fixation mechanisms, ecological farming models, and climate adaptation strategies, while also exploring emerging topics such as multi-omics integration, systems biology, smart agricultural equipment, and global policies and market trends. This paper aims to offer a comprehensive and systematic reference for researchers and agricultural policymakers, promoting the advancement of soybean production in a more scientific, intelligent, and environmentally sustainable direction.
