抄録
As an important type of high-quality specialty wheat, strong gluten wheat plays a critical role in ensuring food security and supporting the sustainable development of the flour processing industry, with nitrogen (N) management being a key factor for achieving high yield, superior quality, and efficient N utilization. Current studies largely focus on the effects of a single N application rate, while systematic investigations on the synergistic effects of N application rate, base-topdressing ratio, and N forms remain limited. In this study, field experiments were conducted in Hebei Province, China, to comprehensively evaluate the impacts of different N management strategies on yield components, processing quality, and N use efficiency of strong gluten wheat. The results showed that N application rate significantly affected yield and quality: with increasing N input, spike number increased, thousand-grain weight decreased, while grain crude protein and wet gluten contents were markedly enhanced. An appropriate base–topdressing ratio effectively balanced yield, quality, and N use efficiency. Distinct roles of N forms were observed, with nitrate-N favoring yield improvement and N use efficiency, whereas ammonium-N was more conducive to enhancing processing quality. Overall, the integrated optimization of N application rate, base–topdressing ratio, and N forms achieved synergistic improvements in yield, quality, and N use efficiency. This study not only highlights the significant interactions among N management factors but also proposes a practical model for efficient N utilization, offering both theoretical insights and practical guidance for the sustainable production of high-quality specialty wheat.
