Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Online ISSN : 2186-1005
Print ISSN : 1341-1098
ISSN-L : 1341-1098
Case Reports
Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma of a Chest Wall in an Adult: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Masashi MikuboShingo IkedaTatsuhiro HoshinoToshiya YokotaAkiko FujiiMasaya Mori
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2014 年 20 巻 Supplement 号 p. 642-645

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Sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (SRMS) is a newly recognized and rare variant of rhabdomyosarcoma. This soft tissue tumor has not yet been reported as a thoracic lesion. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with a large chest wall tumor. The tumor originated from the right anterior chest wall and protruded into the intra- and extrapleural cavity. A transcutaneous needle biopsy revealed spindle cells in an abundant hyalinized and fibrous stroma. Although the tumor was considered as a malignant soft-tissue neoplasm, a definitive diagnosis could not be established. A wide excision of the chest wall including the second, third and fourth rib and a part of sternum was performed. Histologically, cytoplasmic cross-striations were found in a portion of the tumor cells. The tumor cells were positive for muscle markers, and the tumor was diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma consistent with a sclerosing type of rhabdomyosarcoma. Eighteen months after the complete resection, the patient has pleural disseminations but is alive and undergoing chemotherapy. This case highlights the histologic features of a rare form of rhabdomyosarcoma, and emphasizes the importance of awareness of its existence and the utility of skeletal muscle markers in distinguishing sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma from its mimics.
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© 2014 The Editorial Committee of Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons [Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International] license.
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