Durability of Bioprosthetic Valves in Patients on Dialysis

Abstract

Purpose: This study focused on clarifying the durability of bioprosthetic valves in current practice.

Methods: A total of 238 consecutive patients who underwent aortic valve replacement at a single institution from 2011 to 2020 were reviewed. We evaluated valve-related outcomes such as structural valve deterioration (SVD), especially in dialysis patients who received bioprosthetic valve.

Results: Among the tissue valves implanted in 212 patients, 5 SVDs were recorded and 3 valves were replaced. All early valve failures occurred in relatively young dialysis patients and were recorded 3 to 5 years after the initial operation. Freedom from SVD at 6 years was 49.9% in patients on dialysis, compared with 100% in non-dialysis patients. Predictors of better survival in dialysis patients were better preoperative functional class and larger prosthetic valve size.

Conclusions: The durability of bioprosthetic valves in the aortic position was suboptimal in dialysis patients. Mechanical valves can be an option for young, healthy dialysis patients with a large aortic valve annulus.