Identification of Zerumbone in Zingiber zerumbet Smith as a Potent Inhibitor of 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced Epstein-Barr Virus Activation

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  Zerumbone was isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet Smith as a potent inhibitor of tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced Epstein-Barr virus activation. The IC₅₀ value of zerumbone (0.14 μM) is noticeably lower than those of the anti-tumor promoters we have hitherto obtained. Interestingly, α-humulene lacking the carbonyl group at the 8-position in zerumbone was inactive (IC₅₀>100 μM), while 8-hydroxy-α-humulune was markedly active (IC₅₀=0.95 μM).