Effects of Two α-Glucosidase Inhibitors, Acarbose, and BAY-m-1099, on Intestinal Microflora, Cecal Properties, Body-Weight Gains, Serum Cholesterol and Serum Lipids of Rats

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Effects of two α-glucosidase inhibitors, Acarbose and BAY-m-1099, on the intestinal microflora, cecal weight, cecal ammonia concentration, cecal pH, body-weight gains, and levels of serum cholesterol and lipids of Fischer male rats were determined. The cecal microflora of rats fed Acarbose-supplemented diets showed a reduction of Enterobacteriaceae and increases of lecithinase-negative Clostridium spp. and Peptostreptococcus spp. by feeding day (FD) 14. By FD 28, the numbers of Bifidobacterium spp. in the Acarbose groups were higher than those in the control and BAY-m-1099 groups. Increasing numbers of Staphylococcus spp. were observed in the cecum of rats fed Acarbose (the volume of intake, 40 mg/100 g of feed)- and BAY-m- 1099-supplemented diets. The weight of cecum in the Acarbose groups was significantly increased when compared with those in the other groups. The ammonia concentration and pH values in the cecum of rats fed Acarbose diets were significantly lower than those in the other groups. The body-weight gains in the Acarbose groups by FD 28 were significantly lower than those in the BAY-m-1099 and control groups. Significantly decreased levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids were observed in the Acarbose groups by FD 28. These findings indicated that inhibition of sugar absorption in the small intestine of rats influenced the composition of intestinal microflora, body-weight gains, differences in cecal weight, cecal pH, and cecal ammonia concetration, bodyweight gains, and the levels of serum cholesterol and lipids