Receptor Mediated Endocytosis and Cytotoxicity of Transferrin-Mitomycin C Conjugate in the HepG2 Cell and Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocyte

Abstract

Intracellular disposition and cytotoxicity of macromolecular conjugate of mitomycin C (MMC) with transferrin (TF) were examined in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 cell and normal cultured rat hepatocyte. The conjugate (TF-MMC) was specifically bound to the HepG2 cell as well as TF. The number of the binding site and the association constant of TF-MMC in the HepG2 cell were 396000±31000 molecules/cell and 3.24×10⁷±0.58×10⁷M^-1, respectively. No difference in the binding parameters of TF-MMC and TF can be detected in the HepG2 cell. The association constant for the TF receptor was almost identical between HepG2 cell and hepatocyte, however, the numbers of the binding site of TF-MMC and TF in the HepG2 cell were from 40-times to 50-times greater than those in the hepatocyte. Furthermore, TF-MMC was internalized into the HepG2 cell and the hepatocyte as well as TF. The rates of internalization of TF-MMC and TF into the HepG2 cell were nearly identical to those into the hepatocyte. However, the levels of the internalization into the HepG2 cell were remarkably higher than those into the hepatocyte because the number of receptors in the HepG2 cell was larger than that in the hepatocyte, and the rate of release from the HepG2 cell was slower than that from the hepatocyte. TF-MMC inhibited the growth of the HepG2 cells. The 50% growth inhibition (GI₅₀) of TF-MMC against the HepG2 cell was 0.9 μg MMC/ml, which was a little higher than that of MMC (GI₅₀=0.5 μg/ml). These results indicated that the TF-MMC might be useful for delivery of MMC to the HepG2 cell.