Abstract
Sulfotransferase 1A3 (SULT1A3) is a phase II detoxifying enzyme of xenobiotics predominantly expressed in the intestinal epithelium. Recent increase in the use of herbal extracts as dietary supplements may lead to an increase in the possibility of dietary supplement–drug interactions. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of 18 herbal extracts on SULT1A3 activity and the possibility of interaction between medicinal drugs and herbal extracts. We examined the inhibitory potencies of 18 herbal extracts on the sulfation of dopamine, a typical substrate of SULT1A3, and ritodrine, a β2 stimulant, by human recombinant SULT1A3. The sulfation of dopamine was inhibited by extracts of banaba, green tea, Rafuma, grape seed, peanut seed coat, gingko biloba leaf, St. John's wort, gymnema and milkthistle. The IC50 values of these herbal extracts were lower than the putative gastrointestinal concentration when the recommended dose was ingested. On the other hand, chlorella extract and rutin showed no inhibitory effects and wheat, mulberry and siberian ginseng had IC50 values exceedingly higher than the putative gastrointestinal concentration. The inhibitory profiles of herbal extracts for the sulfation of ritodrine were comparable to those for the sulfation of dopamine. In conclusion, the extracts of herbs such as banaba and green tea potently inhibited SULT1A3 activity. These extracts may increase the bioavailability of drugs whose bioavailabilities were limited by the function of SULT1A3 on the intestinal epithelium.
