Warming of Crystalloid Fluid can Alter Accuracy of the Containing Volume Level due to Changes in the Container’s Shape

抄録

Warming of crystalloid fluid can cause expansion of the fluid container, resulting in misevaluation of the fluid level. However, how warming modifies the estimation of remaining fluid volume in the containers, and how much pre-warmed fluid decreases its temperature after running down have not been well studied. In this study, we examined differences between the ruler and the fluid level, and fluid temperatures at the end of infusion among three fluid containers, USP in VIAFLEX^TM(the Baxter), LACTEC^TM(the Otsuka), and USP in EXCEL^TM(the B. Braun), with and without warming to 38°C. In results, warming of the Baxter and the B. Braun at 38°C caused the fluid levels to be less than the corresponding ruler levels, whereas warming of the Otsuka did not cause the phenomenon. The fluid temperature at the end of infusion line was above 31.7°C without any differences among three containers. In conclusion, the remaining fluid volume of pre-warmed containers may be falsely informed during infusion due to changes in containers’ shapes upon warming in the Baxter and in the B. Braun, but not in the Otsuka. Pre-warmed fluids to 38°C may not be sufficiently effective to treat hypothermia.