Factors Associated With and Prognosis of Atriogenic Tethering in Patients With Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation

Abstract

Background: Atriogenic tethering (AT) is a characteristic feature of the mitral valve in atrial functional mitral regurgitation (AFMR). However, the factors associated with AT are not well known.

Methods and Results: This was a post hoc analysis of REVEAL-AFMR, a retrospective observational study involving patients with moderate or greater AFMR. A stepwise binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with AT. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization, and mitral valve intervention. Of 1,007 patients, 245 (24%) had AT and 762 (76%) did not. Of 15 clinical variables related to AT in AFMR, greater left ventricular end-systolic dimension and left atrial diameter were independently associated with AT. The 3-year rate of freedom from the primary outcome was significantly lower in the group with than without AT (63.2% vs. 71.2%; P=0.002). The risk of the primary outcome was significantly higher in the group with than without AT (adjusted hazard ratio 1.34; 95% confidence interval 1.04–1.74; P=0.026), although the results were inconsistent in the sensitivity analysis using propensity score overlap weighting.

Conclusions: AT was identified in 24% of patients with moderate or greater AFMR. Greater left ventricular end-systolic and left atrial anteroposterior dimensions were factors associated with AT. Among patients with AFMR, those with AT showed a poor prognosis.