Associations Between Mean Arterial Pressure and Prognosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock Differ Depending on Coma Status

Abstract

Background: In acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS), low mean arterial pressure (MAP) can reduce cerebral perfusion, potentially resulting in coma. While both MAP and coma on admission are critical prognostic factors, the relationship between them and their prognostic significance based on coma status remains unclear.

Methods and Results: A retrospective analysis of 543 AMI-CS patients was conducted. The overall median MAP was 77 mmHg, with no significant difference between the coma and non-coma groups. The coma group had a higher 30-day mortality compared with the non-coma group (50% vs. 29%; P<0.001). The area under the curve for MAP predicting 30-day mortality was 0.723 (P<0.001) in the coma group, with a cut-off MAP of 76.3 mmHg (sensitivity 0.66, specificity 0.69), but was insignificant in the non-coma group (AUC 0.543; P=0.176). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed higher mortality with low MAP (<77 mmHg) in the coma group, whereas MAP had no significant impact in the non-coma group. Multivariate Cox regression identified low MAP as an independent prognostic factor in the coma group only.

Conclusions: The associations between MAP and prognosis differ depending on the coma status in AMI-CS. Low MAP is a prognostic factor for mortality only in patients with coma. This study highlights the need for treatment strategies tailored to neurological status.