Validated Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Metoprolol Tartrate in Pharmaceutical Formulations

Abstract

A kinetic spectrophotometric method has been described for the determination of metoprolol tartrate in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on reaction of the drug with alkaline potassium permanganate at 25±1 °C. The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the change in absorbance at 610 nm as a function of time. The initial rate and fixed time (at 15.0 min) methods are utilized for constructing the calibration graphs to determine the concentration of the drug. Both the calibration graphs are linear in the concentration range of 1.46×10⁻⁶—8.76×10⁻⁶ M (10.0—60.0 μg per 10 ml). The calibration data resulted in the linear regression equations of log (rate)=3.634+0.999 log C and A=6.300×10⁻⁴+6.491×10⁻² C for initial-rate and fixed time methods, respectively. The limits of quantitation for initial rate and fixed time methods are 0.04 and 0.10 μg ml⁻¹, respectively. The activation parameters such as E_a, ΔH^‡, ΔS^‡ and ΔG^‡ are also evaluated for the reaction and found to be 90.73 kJ mol⁻¹, 88.20 kJ mol⁻¹, 84.54 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ and 63.01 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively. The results are validated statistically and through recovery studies. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of metoprolol tartrate in pharmaceutical formulations. Statistical comparison of the results with the reference method shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant difference in accuracy and precision.