Bioactive Constituents of the Root Bark of Artocarpus rigidus subsp. rigidus

Abstract

Investigation of the chemical constituents of the root bark of Artocarpus rigidus BLUME subsp. rigidus has led to the isolation of six, structurally diverse phenolic compounds. These included two new compounds with modified skeletons, the flavonoid 7-demethylartonol E (1) and the chromone artorigidusin (2), together with four known phenolic compounds, the xanthone artonol B (3), the flavonoid artonin F (4), the flavonoid cycloartobiloxanthone (5), and the xanthone artoindonesianin C (6). Compounds 1, 4, and 5 exhibited antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum. All compounds showed antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with 4 being the most active compound (MIC 6.25 μg/ml). Compounds 5 and 6 were active against KB cells, whereas 2, 5, and 6 showed varying toxicity to BC cells. Compounds 1—3, 5, and 6 were active in the NCI-H187 cytotoxicity assay, with 3 being the most active compound (IC₅₀ 1.26 μg/ml).