Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Silica: An Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for a Three-Component Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridines under Solvent-Free Conditions

Abstract

Sulfonic acid functionalized silica catalyzed the three-component reaction of aromatic amines, α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and β-keto esters forming the corresponding 1,4-dihydropyridines in short reaction times and in high yields.