DNA Interaction and Cytotoxicity of Cyclometalated Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Potential Anticancer Drugs

Abstract

To evaluate the anticancer activity of the cyclometalated ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(bpy)₂(C^N)]Cl, we have studied the interaction of these complexes using calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and cytotoxicity assays with two tumor (L1210 and HeLa) and a non-tumor (BALB/3T3 clone A31) cell lines. It is suggested that the complexes act as intercalators and/or DNA minor groove binders. Moreover, the complexes display favorable cytotoxicity activities with L1210 and HeLa, which in all cases were significantly more favorable than cisplatin. In contrast, the complexes exhibit appreciably lower cytotoxicity toward BALB/3T3 clone A31.

Graphical Abstract