Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Water of the Southeastern Japan Sea

Abstract

Surface water samples were collected at 15 sampling sites in the southeastern Japan Sea along the Japanese Archipelago for analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Water samples were fractionated by filtration through a glass fiber membrane (pore size 0.5 µm) and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Thirteen PAHs having 3 to 6 rings were found in the dissolved phase (DP) and 12 were found in the particulate phase (PP). The total (DP+PP) PAH concentration ranged from 6.83 to 13.81 ng/L with the mean±standard deviation (S.D.) concentration of 9.36±1.92 ng/L. The mean±S.D. PAH concentration in the DP and PP was 5.99±1.80 and 3.38±0.65 ng/L, respectively. Three-ring PAHs predominated in the DP, while the proportion of 4-ring PAHs was higher in the PP. The mean total PAH concentration in the southeastern Japan Sea was higher than the concentration in the northwestern Japan Sea (8.5 ng/L). The Tsushima Current, which originates from the East China Sea with higher PAH concentration, is considered to be responsible for this higher concentration.

Graphical Abstract