Abstract
Salting behavior of alkylxanthines, other cyclic amides, and cyclic conjugated ketones was investigated by the solubility, partition, and permeation methods. These compounds were found to be salted-out by tetramethyl-and tetraethylammonium salts against the common belief that nonelectrolytes are salted-in by these salts. The above compounds were, however, salted-in by large ammonium salts and the effect was attributed to complex formation between the large ammonium ions and the nonelectrolytes. Salts were also shown to affect equilibrium concentrations of nonelectrolytes across a lipoid membrane and the rate of permeation of nonelectrolytes through the membrane.
