Effect of etching with potassium hydrogen difluoride and ammonium hydrogen difluoride on bonding of a tri-n-butylborane initiated resin to zirconia

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of etching with potassium hydrogen difluoride (KHF₂) and ammonium hydrogen difluoride (NH₄HF₂) on the bond strength of a self-polymerizing methyl methacrylate resin (MMA-TBB) bonded to zirconia. Zirconia disks were prepared using the following surface treatment: no treatment, alumina blasting, and etching with KHF₂ or NH₄HF₂. The specimens were bonded with the MMA-TBB. The shear bond (Ø=5 mm) strength was measured. The surface free energies of the specimens were determined by measuring contact angles. The KHF₂ and NH₄HF₂ groups exhibited higher shear bond strength and surface free energy than did the alumina blasting and no treatment groups. Compared with alumina blasting, etching with KHF₂ and NH₄HF₂ exhibited superior bonding ability of mechanical retention to zirconia.