抄録
The purpose of this paper is to elucidate how parentsʼ educational concerns, which help form their childrenʼs aspirations toward academic careers, are affected by regional migration. In this paper, the influence of parental migration on their childrenʼs choice of life course is termed migration effect. It is not discussed simply as regional disparities, but in a way that also considers class and regional factors, and in particular the effects of motherʼs migration on their childrearing.
The data for the analysis is quantitative data from 2002 in Niigata city, one of Tokyoʼs wards, Fukuoka city and Nagasaki city, of parents with children aged 4 years attending a nursery school or kindergarten, in second or fifth grade of elementary school, or in the second year of junior high school (1, 850 valid respondents), as well as qualitative data from interviews conducted in 2006 of informants who had responded to the 2002 research. Tokyo and Fukuoka are classified as big cities, and Niigata and Nagasaki as local cities. The paper investigates the effect on educational concern and behavior of whether one has experience migrating from a big city to a local city, or from a local city to a big city, based on the motherʼs educational achievement.
In general, highly educated mothers who experienced migration themselves are dedicated to their childrenʼs education regardless of the childʼs gender. Mothers who themselves moved from a local city to a big city have the intention to settle down in the big city during their childrenʼs generation. On the other hand, mothers who moved from a big city to a local city assume that their children will eventually migrate to another area. In particular, they take into consideration girlsʼ ambitions related to regional migration. Educational concerns and behaviors differ depending on whether the mother has experienced migration to a local city. For boys, the effect of motherʼs movement is not as important in preventing childrenʼs migration, but mothers who do not have the experience of migrating from a local city intend for their daughters to stay in their area. This leads to concern that the influence of migration effect will lead to a gender gap in regional disparities.
