大学における社会化と環境論的接近法

抄録

In this article, the writer attempts to explore the new ways of studyon the socialization in school, especially the socialization in higher education, which is a new research interest among educational sociologistsin Japan. The writer also tries to examine more refined classificationsof institutions for higher education. Since the types of social and academicclimates in Japanese higher education have been diversified, we mustattempt to develop a certain institutional typology which would helpus to understand this diversity.
American literature of educational sociology in the past decade showsremarkable changes in strategies of studying educational institutions aswell as changes in the content and interest. Investigations on the effectsof college experience on socialization are among these changes. Reviewingthese investigations, the writer selected a method which should becalled an environmental approach. An environmental approach is themethod which measures the differences of college environments, within.which socialization is taken into account. This approach has two types;β-approach represented by the College Characteristics Index (CCI) and α-approach which depends on the Environmental Assessment Technique (EAT) and others.
It can be concluded that an environmental approach is a useful methodto analyze many problems of mass higher education in Japan.