Quasi-hemispherical region scanning phased array system using triangular SIW antenna elements with short ends

Abstract

A phased array system with quasi-hemispherical region scanning performance is proposed. The proposed system is implemented using triangular substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) elements with short ends, which have a quasi-hemispherical beam pattern. Shorted vias at the vertex and side of the triangular patch were made to act as SIW antennas, generating magnetic currents characterized by radiating to a quasi-hemisphere pattern. The measured results show that the prototype planar phased array has scanning ranges of about 160° in both horizontal and vertical planes, and about 170° in both two diagonal direction planes, with 5 dB gain fluctuation.