抄録
The descriptions in the former 3 chapters are summarized as follows:
1) The blood sugar curve in the control group of alloxan-diabetes in rabbits showed a characteristic tri-phasic reaction, namely, initial hyperglycemia (1st stage), hypoglycemia (2nd stage), and persistent hyperglycemia (3rd stage).
2) In the cases of alloxan-injection to the previously adrenectomized rabbits, the wood sugar curve showed disappearance or extremely slight appearance of the 1st phase of reaction. Then the 2nd phase appeared more earlier as comared with the control group Of alloxan-diabetes in rabbits, showing severe hypoglycemia, while the 3rd phase was slight and non-diabetic.
3) In the cases of alloxan-injection to the previously. hypophysectomized rabbits, the blood sugar curve showed only a slight rise in the 1st phase of reaction. The 2nd and the 3rd phases were similar to those in the adrenectomized, rabbits and diabetes did not occur.
4) In the pancreas of rabbits of alloxa.n-diabetes were detected histologically : atrophy, pycnosis, caryolysis, vacuolization, indistinctness of cell boundary, or necrosis of the beta celle of the islets of Langerhans, degeneration or atrophy of the alpha cells, and decrease in number and size, or destruction of the islets themselves. The same rabbits showed the so-called diabetic pathological changes, such as : decrease in number of acidophil cells of the pituitary anterior lobe, unequal size and irregular form of the thyroid follicles with hypertrophied or degenerated epithelium and decreased or liquefied colloid, congestion of the adrenals, decrease of lipin of the adrenal cortex, glycogen degeneration of the tubular, epithelium of kidney, fatty degeneration of the kidney and liver, decrease in glycogen content of the liver cells, fatty degeneration of the heart muscles, congestion of the parenchymatous organs, and complication of cataract.
5) Comparing with the control group of alloxan-diabetes, both the adrenectomized and hypophysectomized groups showed the same typical pathological changes by alloxan-injection only in the pancreas, but not in any other endocrine and general organs.
6) It became clear, from the above results, that the adrenectomy and hypophysectomy inhibit, at least, the increase of blood sugar in the alloxan-diabetes. Taking account of the histological findings together, it is also suggested that the mechanism of development of insular diabetes is initiated not only by the disturbance of the beta cells of islets of Langerhans of the pancreas but also by the subsequent disorder of mutual 'functions of the endocrine glands (especially the hypophyseo-adrenal system). Namely, it could be, the author thinks, clarified that various endocrine organs, especially the hypophyseo-adrenal system, have an important role for the mechanism of development of insular diabetes.
